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A normal human platelet count ranges from 150,000 to 450,000 platelets/microliter (μL) of blood. [4] Values outside this range do not necessarily indicate disease. One common definition of thrombocytopenia requiring emergency treatment is a platelet count below 50,000/μL. [5]
Women with ITP often have a decrease in their platelet counts when they become pregnant, often requiring treatment. [63] Pregnant women with ITP are 1.83 times more likely to have bleeding episodes during pregnancy compared to non-pregnant females with ITP, however, with proper treatment, platelets rarely drop below 30,000. [ 63 ]
Fostamatinib is a drug used to treat adults with low platelet count due to chronic immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) when a prior treatment for ITP has not worked well enough. Chronic immune thrombocytopenia is an autoimmune bleeding disorder where the blood doesn't clot as it should because of a low platelet count. [4] [6] [3]
Higher platelet transfusion thresholds have been used in premature neonates, but this has been based on limited evidence. [19] There is now evidence that using a high platelet count threshold (50 x 10 9 /L) increases the risk of death or bleeding compared to a lower platelet count threshold (25 x 10 9 /L) in premature neonates. [20]
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is the development of thrombocytopenia (a low platelet count), due to the administration of various forms of heparin, an anticoagulant. HIT predisposes to thrombosis (the abnormal formation of blood clots inside a blood vessel ).
Immunosuppressive drugs are the most common treatment with corticosteroids being commonly used. [16] Vincristine and human intravenous immunogoblin have been shown to increase platelet count and improve recovery; however, none of these treatments have been shown to produce better long term survival than corticoseroid treatment.
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