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Erwin Chargaff (11 August 1905 – 20 June 2002) was an Austro-Hungarian-born American biochemist, writer, and professor of biochemistry at Columbia University medical school. [1] A Bucovinian Jew who emigrated to the United States during the Nazi regime, he penned a well-reviewed [ 2 ] [ 3 ] autobiography, Heraclitean Fire: Sketches from a ...
In 1944, he and his colleagues Colin MacLeod and Maclyn McCarty suggested that DNA was responsible for transferring genetic information. Later, Erwin Chargaff(1950) discovered that the makeup of DNA differs from one species to another. These experiments helped pave the way for the discovery of the structure of DNA.
However, Erwin Chargaff [5] showed that the four frequencies were not equal, with variations consistent between different studies. Specifically, according to his rules the correct relationship is G = C ≠ A = T.
The following table is a representative sample of Erwin Chargaff's 1952 data, listing the base composition of DNA from various organisms and support both of Chargaff's rules. [17] An organism such as φX174 with significant variation from A/T and G/C equal to one, is indicative of single stranded DNA.
In their modeling, Watson and Crick restricted themselves to what they saw as chemically and biologically reasonable. Still, the breadth of possibilities was very wide. A breakthrough occurred in 1952, when Erwin Chargaff visited Cambridge and inspired Crick with a description of experiments Chargaff had published in 1947. Chargaff had observed ...
In the many-worlds interpretation, both alive and dead states of the cat persist after the box is opened, but are decoherent from each other. In other words, when the box is opened, the observer and the possibly-dead cat split into an observer looking at a box with a dead cat and an observer looking at a box with a live cat.
For hundreds of a millions of years, the universe existed in the dark ages—an epoch when only primordial gasses existed. Then, a period of reionization, cleared away this foggy existence an ...
Before the later work of Erwin Chargaff, it was widely thought that DNA was organized into repeating tetranucleotides in a way that could not carry genetic information. Instead, the protein component of chromosomes was thought to be the basis of heredity; most research on the physical nature of the gene focused on proteins , and particularly ...