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So many Loyalists arrived on the shores of the St. John River that a separate colony—New Brunswick—was created in 1784; [102] followed in 1791 by the division of Quebec into the largely French-speaking Lower Canada (French Canada) along the St. Lawrence River and the Gaspé Peninsula and an anglophone Loyalist Upper Canada, with its capital ...
John A. Macdonald became the first prime minister of Canada. Effective governance of the United Province of Canada after 1840 required a careful balancing of the interests of French and English- speaking populations; and between Catholics and Protestants. John A. Macdonald emerged in the 1850s as a personality who could manage that task.
The first powered heavier-than-air flight in Canada occurred on Bras d'Or Lake at Baddeck, Nova Scotia, when John Alexander Douglas McCurdy piloted the AEA Silver Dart over a flight of less than 1 kilometer. [82] 1910: 4 May: Royal Canadian Navy is established. [83] 1914: 4 August: Great Britain declares war on Germany, bringing Canada into the ...
The first official settlement of Canada was Québec, founded by Samuel de Champlain in 1608. [13] [14] The other four colonies within New France were Hudson's Bay to the north, Acadia and Newfoundland to the east, and Louisiana far to the south. [15] [16] Canada became the most developed of
Canada Flag Coat of arms Motto: A mari usque ad mare (Latin) "From Sea to Sea" Anthem: "O Canada" Royal anthem: "God Save the King" Capital Ottawa 45°24′N 75°40′W / 45.400°N 75.667°W / 45.400; -75.667 Largest city Toronto Official languages English French Demonym(s) Canadian Government Federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy • Monarch Charles III • Governor ...
The United Kingdom transferred its Arctic Islands to Canada, where they were made part of the North-West Territories. [26] The archipelago was still being explored and new islands discovered, but the United Kingdom and Canada had claimed the whole archipelago, so new discoveries are not noted unless disputed. December 23, 1881
In 1604, the first year-round permanent settlement was founded by Samuel de Champlain at Île-Saint-Croix on Baie Française (Bay of Fundy), which was moved to Port-Royal in 1605. [28] In 1608, Samuel de Champlain founded the city of Québec with 28 men of whom 20 died from lack of food and from scurvy the first winter. [28] [29]
Canadian Confederation (French: Confédération canadienne) was the process by which three British North American provinces—the Province of Canada, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick—were united into one federation, called the Dominion of Canada, on July 1, 1867.