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Urien Yrechwydd (in English: Urien of Yrechwydd) is a late Old Welsh or Middle Welsh heroic poem found uniquely in the Book of Taliesin.It is among those poems in the manuscript thought by Ifor Williams possibly to have originated as part of a sixth-century corpus of Canu Taliesin, a series of poems really composed by the semi-legendary sixth-century court poet of Rheged, Taliesin.
Taliesin was a renowned bard who is believed to have sung at the courts of at least three kings. In 1960, Ifor Williams identified eleven of the medieval poems ascribed to Taliesin as possibly originating as early as the sixth century, and so possibly being composed by a historical Taliesin. [1]
Most of what is known about the battle comes from the early Welsh poem Gwaith Argoed Llwyfain by the poet and bard Taliesin. [1] Supposedly on one Saturday, Fflamddwyn had surrounded the seat of power within Rheged and demanded that King Urien submit and provide hostages.
Ifor Williams similarly describes the Canu Taliesin as credibly being the work of Taliesin, or at least 'to be contemporary with Cynan Garwyn, Urien, his son Owain, and Gwallawg', possibly historical kings who respectively ruled Powys; Rheged, which was centred in the region of the Solway Firth on the borders of present-day England and Scotland ...
The earliest genealogy of Urien (in origin c. 850–950 AD) from Harley MS 3859 gives his patrilineal descent as 'Urien son of Cynfarch son of Meirchion son of Gwrwst son of Coel Hen.' [26] His earliest recorded ancestor, Coel Hen, functioned as an origin point for many of the northern Brythonic-speaking dynasties of the early Middle Ages in Britain. [27]
Urien, prince of Rheged; men of Catraeth; men of Britain or Pictland Gweith Gwen Ystrat (in English: The Battle of Gwen Ystrad ), is a late Old Welsh or Middle Welsh heroic poem found uniquely in the Book of Taliesin , where it forms part of the Canu Taliesin , a series of poems attributed to the 6th-century court poet of Rheged, Taliesin .
The chief references to the historical Owain appear in the poems of Taliesin, Urien's bard.In one poem, he appears as the victor of the Battle of Alclud Ford.Another, Gweith Argoed Llwyfain ("The Battle of Argoed Llwyfain"), tells of Owain's part in a battle between the men of Rheged under Urien and the men of Bernicia under "Fflamddwyn" (Firestealer), possibly the Anglian king Theodric.
The poems contemplate martial, masculine culture, fate, and old age from a critical standpoint. As with the other so-called 'saga englynion’ (pre-eminently Canu Urien and Canu Heledd), there is considerable uncertainty and debate as to how the poems of Canu Llywarch might originally have been performed. It is usually assumed that they must ...