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"The Jews in Rome during the Flavian Period." Antichthon 47:156–172. Pucci Ben Zeev, Miriam. 1998. Jewish Rights in the Roman World: The Greek and Roman Documents Quoted by Josephus Flavius. Tübingen, Germany: Mohr. Rutgers, Leonard Victor. 2000. The Jews in Late Ancient Rome: Evidence of Cultural Interaction in the Roman Diaspora.
The Jewish community in Rome is deeply committed to preserving its cultural heritage. [4] [2] [8] [3] [1] [6] [5] The Jewish Museum in Rome serves as a repository for historical artifacts, documents, and works of art that tell the story of the community's long and storied history.
Jews of Poznań granted a privilege of forbidding Christians to enter into their city. 1648 Jewish population of Poland reached 450,000 (4% of the 11,000,000 population of Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth being Jewish), 40,000 in Bohemia, and 25,000 in Moravia. Worldwide population of Jewry is estimated at 750,000. 1648–1655
The census triggered a revolt of Jewish extremists (called Zealots) led by Judas of Galilee. [4] Galilee itself was a separate territory under the rule of Herod Antipas .) Judas seems to have found the census objectionable because it ran counter to a biblical injunction (the traditional Jewish reading of Exodus 30:12 ) and because it would lead ...
There were at least two expulsions of Jews from Rome before the reign of the Roman emperor Claudius. In 139 BC, the Jews were expelled after being accused of missionary efforts. Then, in AD 19, Tiberius once again expelled Jews from the city, for defrauding the noblewoman, Fulvia. Approximately 4,000 Jews were banished to Sardinia.
Following the capture of Jerusalem by the forces of Herod the Great with assistance from Roman forces in 37 BCE, it is likely that Jews were again taken to Rome as slaves. It is known that Jewish war captives were sold into slavery after the suppression of a minor Jewish revolt in 53 BCE, and some were probably taken to southern Europe. [16]
Most historians agree that Jesus or his followers established a new Jewish sect, one that attracted both Jewish and gentile converts. According to New Testament scholar Bart D. Ehrman, a number of early Christianities existed in the first century CE, from which developed various Christian traditions and denominations, including proto-orthodoxy. [13]
After Herod's death, Judea became a province under Rome's direct rule. [10] Heavy taxes under the Romans and insensitivity towards the Jewish religion led to a revolt, and in 70 CE the Roman general (and later emperor) Titus captured Jerusalem and destroyed the Temple, bringing an end to the Second Temple period. [11]