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  2. Hollow-Face illusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hollow-Face_illusion

    While a convex face will appear to look in a single direction, and the gaze of a flat face, such as the Lord Kitchener Wants You poster, can appear to track a moving viewer, a hollow face can appear to move its eyes faster than the viewer: looking forward when the viewer is directly ahead, but looking at an extreme angle when the viewer is only ...

  3. Vergence (optics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vergence_(optics)

    For concave lenses, the focal point is on the back side of the lens, or the output side of the focal plane, and is negative in power. A lens with no optical power is called an optical window, having flat, parallel faces. The optical power directly relates to how large positive images will be magnified, and how small negative images will be ...

  4. Accommodation reflex - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accommodation_reflex

    Light from a single point of a distant object and light from a single point of a near object being brought to a focus. The accommodation reflex (or accommodation-convergence reflex) is a reflex action of the eye, in response to focusing on a near object, then looking at a distant object (and vice versa), comprising coordinated changes in vergence, lens shape (accommodation) and pupil size.

  5. Lens - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lens

    A watch with a plano-convex lens over the date indicator. A single convex lens mounted in a frame with a handle or stand is a magnifying glass. Lenses are used as prosthetics for the correction of refractive errors such as myopia, hypermetropia, presbyopia, and astigmatism. (See corrective lens, contact lens, eyeglasses, intraocular lens.)

  6. Visual system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_system

    The visual system is the physiological basis of visual perception (the ability to detect and process light).The system detects, transduces and interprets information concerning light within the visible range to construct an image and build a mental model of the surrounding environment.

  7. Human eye - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_eye

    In order, along the optic axis, the optical components consist of a first lens (the cornea—the clear part of the eye) that accounts for most of the optical power of the eye and accomplishes most of the focusing of light from the outside world; then an aperture (the pupil) in a diaphragm (the iris—the coloured part of the eye) that controls ...

  8. Beam expander - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beam_expander

    Extra cavity hybrid beam transformers: using a telescopic beam expander, followed by a convex lens, followed by a multiple-prism beam expander, a laser beam (with a circular cross section) can be transformed into an extremely elongated beam, in the plane of propagation, while extremely thin in the orthogonal plane.

  9. Head-up display - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Head-up_display

    A typical HUD contains three primary components: a projector unit, a combiner, and a video generation computer. [3] The projection unit in a typical HUD is an optical collimator setup: a convex lens or concave mirror with a cathode-ray tube, light emitting diode display, or liquid crystal display at its focus.