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A paired difference test, better known as a paired comparison, is a type of location test that is used when comparing two sets of paired measurements to assess whether their population means differ. A paired difference test is designed for situations where there is dependence between pairs of measurements (in which case a test designed for ...
In some cases, the data sets are paired, meaning there is an obvious and meaningful one-to-one correspondence between the data in the first set and the data in the second set, compare Blocking (statistics). For example, paired data can arise from measuring a single set of individuals at different points in time. [1]
Type of data: Statistical tests use different types of data. [1] Some tests perform univariate analysis on a single sample with a single variable. Others compare two or more paired or unpaired samples. Unpaired samples are also called independent samples. Paired samples are also called dependent.
There are two branches in statistics: ‘Descriptive statistics’’ and ‘’ Inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics involves methods of organizing, picturing and summarizing information from data. Inferential statistics involves methods of using information from a sample to draw conclusions about the Population.
SOFA Statistics is an open-source statistical package. The name stands for S tatistics O pen F or A ll. It has a graphical user interface and can connect directly to MySQL , PostgreSQL , SQLite , MS Access (map), and Microsoft SQL Server .
There are a few reviews of free statistical software. There were two reviews in journals (but not peer reviewed), one by Zhu and Kuljaca [26] and another article by Grant that included mainly a brief review of R. [27] Zhu and Kuljaca outlined some useful characteristics of software, such as ease of use, having a number of statistical procedures and ability to develop new procedures.
For partially paired data, the classical independent t-tests may give invalid results as the test statistic might not follow a t distribution, while the dependent t-test is sub-optimal as it discards the unpaired data. [21] Most two-sample t-tests are robust to all but large deviations from the assumptions. [22]
To exploit variance reduction with paired samples, a paired permutation test must be applied, see paired difference test. This is equivalent to performing a normal, unpaired permutation test, but restricting the set of valid permutations to only those which respect the paired nature of the data by forbidding both halves of any pair from being ...