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CPAP is the most effective treatment for moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea, in which the mild pressure from the CPAP prevents the airway from collapsing or becoming blocked. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] CPAP has been shown to be 100% effective at eliminating obstructive sleep apneas in the majority of people who use the therapy according to the ...
Positive airway pressure (PAP) is a mode of respiratory ventilation used in the treatment of sleep apnea.PAP ventilation is also commonly used for those who are critically ill in hospital with respiratory failure, in newborn infants (), and for the prevention and treatment of atelectasis in patients with difficulty taking deep breaths.
1. Gas source: An oxygen blender connected to a source of oxygen and compressed air is used to supply an appropriate concentration of inspired oxygen . The humidified blended oxygen is then circulated through corrugated tubing. 2. Pressure generator: Pressure in the bubble CPAP system is created by placing the distal expiratory tubing in water.
Overdistension of alveoli and cyclic atelectasis (atelectotrauma) are the primary causes for alveolar injury during positive pressure mechanical ventilation.Severe injury to alveoli causes swelling of the tissues (edema) in the lungs, bleeding of the alveoli, loss of surfactant (decrease in lung compliance) and complete alveoli collapse ().
The patient's blood-oxygen saturation gradually falls until cessation of sleep noises, signifying total airway obstruction of airflow, which may last for several minutes. Eventually, the patient must at least partially awaken from deep sleep into light sleep, automatically regaining general muscle tone.
Use of a CPAP can help ease the symptoms of UARS. Therapeutic trials have shown that using a CPAP with pressure between four and eight centimeters of water can help to reduce the number of arousals and improve sleepiness. [4] CPAPs are the most promising treatment for UARS, but effectiveness is reduced by low patient compliance. [20]