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With the Reformation in Denmark in 1536, Lutheran Christianity was established as the state religion. For the next century, in a time when religious wars swept Europe, harsh persecution of other faiths followed (Lutheran orthodoxy). Exceptions were granted only to foreign diplomats.
Lutheranism is the largest religious group in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Latvia, Namibia, Norway, Sweden, and North Dakota and South Dakota in the United States. Lutheranism is also the dominant form of Christianity in the White Mountain and San Carlos Apache nations.
The Church of Denmark is the only religious group to receive direct financial support from the state. Other religious groups can receive indirect support through tax deductions on contributions. [41] §70 grants freedom of religion by ensuring civil and political rights can not be revoked due to race or religious beliefs.
A state church (or "established church") is a state religion established by a state for use exclusively by that state. In the case of a state church , the state has absolute control over the church, but in the case of a state religion , the church is ruled by an exterior body; for example, in the case of Catholicism, the Vatican has control ...
Christianity is a prevalent religion in Denmark; in January 2023, 72.1% [1] of the population of Denmark were members of the Church of Denmark. According to a survey based on a sample 1,114, 25% of Danes believe Jesus is the son of God , and 18% believe he is the saviour of the world. [ 2 ]
In 1537, Christian's coup d'état in Norway made it a hereditary kingdom in a real union with Denmark that would last until 1814. He also made Lutheranism the state religion in Norway, [20] and on 2 September 1537 he appointed Gjeble Pederssøn as its first Lutheran bishop. [21]
In Denmark, Finland, Iceland and Sweden citizens who are members of organized religious societies contribute this church tax to their respective religious societies. However, in Norway there is no direct church tax of any kind, the state church is supported over through the national budget. [ 15 ]
The church is one of the smallest state churches in the world. [2] Prior to becoming independent on 29 July 2007, it was a diocese of the Church of Denmark, also a Lutheran church. As of 2024, 76.6% of Faroe Islanders belonged to the state church. [3] Other churches in the Faroe Islands include the Plymouth Brethren and the Roman Catholic Church.