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Routine screening of women with a glucose challenge test may find more women with gestational diabetes than only screening women with risk factors. [39] Hemoglobin A 1c (HbA1c) is not recommended for diagnosing gestational diabetes, as it is a less reliable marker of glycemia during pregnancy than oral glucose tolerance testing (OGTT). [40] [41]
Women with type 1 or type 2 diabetes who are planning a pregnancy should have a comprehensive eye examination prior to conception as well as early in the first trimester; women with gestational diabetes do not require screening for diabetic retinopathy during pregnancy. [4]
It may prompt screening of relatives and so help identify other cases in family members. As it occurs infrequently, many cases of MODY are initially assumed to be more common forms of diabetes: type 1 if the patient is young and not overweight, type 2 if the patient is overweight, or gestational diabetes if the patient is
To properly diagnose gestational diabetes following an abnormal result from the glucose challenge screen Very low risk, however there is the potential for bruising, pain, nerve damage, fainting, haematoma, bacterial infection, and bloodborne pathogen exposure. Non-stress test [21] Week 28 – onward Non-invasive
Guidelines in the UK, however, recommend pre-feed screening of at-risk infants at 2–4 hours of age (to avoid false positives when blood glucose is, ordinarily, at its lowest at 2–3 hours of age) and at the subsequent feed until a blood glucose level of >2.0 mmol/L (36 mg/dL) on at least two consecutive occasions and is feeding well.
Pre-gestational diabetes can be classified as Type 1 or Type 2 depending on the physiological mechanism. Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disorder leading to destruction of insulin-producing cell in the pancreas; type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with obesity and results from a combination of insulin resistance and insufficient insulin production.
Gestational diabetes is when a woman, without a previous diagnosis of diabetes, develops high blood sugar levels during pregnancy. [13] [14] There are many non-modifiable and modifiable risk factors that lead to the devopment of this complication. Non-modifiable risk factors include a family history of diabetes, advanced maternal age, and ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 14 February 2025. Group of endocrine diseases characterized by high blood sugar levels This article is about the common insulin disorder. For the urine hyper-production disorder, see Diabetes insipidus. For other uses, see Diabetes (disambiguation). Medical condition Diabetes Universal blue circle symbol ...