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The reserve components of the United States Armed Forces are military organizations whose members generally perform a minimum of 39 days of military duty per year and who augment the active duty (or full-time) military when necessary. The reserve components are also referred to collectively as the National Guard and Reserve. [1] [2]
The Office of the Chief of Army Reserve (OCAR) is located at Fort Belvoir, Virginia, and provides the Chief of Army Reserve (CAR) with a staff of functional advisors who develop and execute Army Reserve plans, policies and programs, plus administer Army Reserve personnel, operations and funding. [1]
In 1989, Congress directed the Army to design a command and control plan for the Army Reserve. Congress and the Army, with FORSCOM in the lead, began the struggle, at times difficult, to produce a mutually agreeable arrangement for the Army Reserve. FORSCOM, the Office of the Chief Army Reserve (OCAR), the Department of the Army, and Congress ...
U.S. Army Criminal Investigation Division (CID) U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; Regional Headquarters Great Lakes Region; Missouri River Regional Headquarters (CENWD-MR) (Former Missouri River Division) North Pacific Regional Headquarters (CENWD-NP)(Former North Pacific Division) Army Digitization Office (ADO) Army Medical Department (AMEDD)
On 23 April 1908 Congress created the Medical Reserve Corps, the official predecessor of the Army Reserve. [3] After World War I, under the National Defense Act of 1920, Congress reorganized the U.S. land forces by authorizing a Regular Army, a National Guard and an Organized Reserve (Officers Reserve Corps and Enlisted Reserve Corps) of unrestricted size, which later became the Army Reserve. [4]
DoD Directive 5120.27 (31 January 1961) redesignated the position as Assistant Secretary of Defense (Manpower), but after a few years, the Reserve Forces Bill of Rights and Vitalization Act (P.L. 90-168, signed 1 December 1967), changed the title to Assistant Secretary of Defense (Manpower and Reserve Affairs). [7]
The chain of command leads from the president (as commander-in-chief) through the secretary of defense down to the newest recruits. [2] [3] The United States Armed Forces are organized through the United States Department of Defense, which oversees a complex structure of joint command and control functions with many units reporting to various commanding officers.
Military administration identifies both the techniques and systems used by military departments, agencies, and armed services involved in managing the armed forces. It describes the processes that take place within military organisations outside combat, particularly in managing military personnel, their training, and services they are provided with as part of their military service.