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Heartburn, also known as pyrosis, cardialgia or acid indigestion, [2] is a burning sensation in the central chest or upper central abdomen. [3] [4] [5] Heartburn is usually due to regurgitation of gastric acid (gastric reflux) into the esophagus.
Painful burning sensations in the chest that are caused by gastroesophageal reflux is known as heartburn. Reflux is the backflow of gastric acid juices from the stomach into the oesophagus . [ 32 ] Heartburn has different triggers, including certain foods, medications, obesity , and stress.
[22] [23] Common herbs have also been shown to cause indigestion, like white willow berry, garlic, ginkgo, chaste tree berry, saw palmetto, and feverfew. [22] Studies have shown that wheat and dietary fats can contribute to indigestion and suggest foods high in short-chain carbohydrates ( FODMAP ) may be associated with dyspepsia. [ 24 ]
Difficulty or pain with swallowing is called dysphagia, and it affects up to 15% or more of the population at some point in their lives.
Acid reflux into the mouth can cause breakdown of the enamel, especially on the inside surface of the teeth. A dry mouth, acid or burning sensation in the mouth, bad breath and redness of the palate may occur. [27] Less common symptoms of GERD include difficulty in swallowing, water brash, chronic cough, hoarse voice, nausea and vomiting. [26]
Esophagitis can be asymptomatic; or can cause epigastric and/or substernal burning pain, especially when lying down or straining; and can make swallowing difficult . The most common cause of esophagitis is the reverse flow of acid from the stomach into the lower esophagus: gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
Odynophagia is pain when swallowing. [1] [2] The pain may be felt in the mouth or throat and can occur with or without difficulty swallowing. [3] The pain may be described as an ache, burning sensation, or occasionally a stabbing pain that radiates to the back. [4] Odynophagia often results in inadvertent weight loss.
Rings cause intermittent mechanical dysphagia, meaning patients will usually present with transient discomfort and regurgitation while swallowing solids and then liquids, depending on the constriction of the ring. Webs--- Usually squamous mucosal protrusion into the esophageal lumen, especially anterior cervical esophagus behind the cricoid ...