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Melanin (/ ˈ m ɛ l ə n ɪ n / ⓘ; from Ancient Greek μέλας (mélas) 'black, dark') is a family of biomolecules organized as oligomers or polymers, which among other functions provide the pigments of many organisms. [1] Melanin pigments are produced in a specialized group of cells known as melanocytes.
Pigmentation disorders are disturbances of human skin color. [1] There may be a loss or reduction, which may be related to loss of melanocytes or the inability of melanocytes to produce melanin or transport melanosomes correctly. [1] Most pigmentation disorders involve the underproduction or overproduction of melanin. [2] [3]
The melanocyte-stimulating hormones, known collectively as MSH, also known as melanotropins or intermedins, are a family of peptide hormones and neuropeptides consisting of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), β-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (β-MSH), and γ-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (γ-MSH) that are produced by cells in the pars intermedia of the anterior lobe of the pituitary ...
In short, melasma is a chronic skin condition that appears as darkened areas on the face due to an overproduction of melanin, says Gina Charles, MO, a family physician specializing in skincare. It ...
Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH), also known as pro-melanin stimulating hormone (PMCH), is a cyclic 19-amino acid orexigenic hypothalamic peptide originally isolated from the pituitary gland of teleost fish, where it controls skin pigmentation. [1]
It is caused by melanocyte or melanin depletion, or a decrease in the amino acid tyrosine, which is used by melanocytes to make melanin. [2] Some common genetic causes include mutations in the tyrosinase gene or OCA2 gene. [3] [4] As melanin pigments tend to be in the skin, eye, and hair, these are the commonly affected areas in those with ...
Going gray is primarily caused by a reduction in melanin production, the pigment responsible for hair color. ... Beyond that, certain health conditions like autoimmune diseases, thyroid imbalances ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 19 January 2025. "Skin pigmentation" redirects here. For animal skin pigmentation, see Biological pigment. Extended Coloured family from South Africa showing some spectrum of human skin coloration Human skin color ranges from the darkest brown to the lightest hues. Differences in skin color among ...