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Old Spanish (roman, romançe, romaz; [3] Spanish: español medieval), also known as Old Castilian or Medieval Spanish, refers to the varieties of Ibero-Romance spoken predominantly in Castile and environs during the Middle Ages. The earliest, longest, and most famous literary composition in Old Spanish is the Cantar de mio Cid (c. 1140–1207).
This Castilian narrative poetry known as the mester de clerecía became popular in the thirteenth century. It is the verse form of the learned poets, usually clerics (hence the name 'clerecía'). These poets carefully counted the number of syllables in each line and strived to achieve perfect lines.
Cantar de Mio Cid Digital edition with normative transcription, English translation, oral rendering (audio) of Old Spanish text, with images of entire manuscript; Scanned copies of the manuscript of the Cantar de Mio Cid—Spanish; Musical aspects of the Lay of the Cid (Spanish, brief introduction in English).
' Likenesses of Kings '), known in full as the Compendio de crónicas de los reyes del Antiguo Testamento, gentiles, cónsules y emperadores romanos, reyes godos y de los reinos de Castilla, Aragón, Navarra y Portugal, is an illuminated Old Castilian collection of biographies of rulers compiled around 1315/1320 for King Alfonso XI.
First page of a 1555 version of the Siete Partidas, as annotated by Gregorio López.. The Siete Partidas (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈsjete paɾˈtiðas], "Seven-Part Code") or simply Partidas, was a Castilian statutory code first compiled during the reign of Alfonso X of Castile (1252–1284), with the intent of establishing a uniform body of normative rules for the kingdom.
Calila e Dimna is an Old Castilian collection of tales from 1251, translated from the Arabic text Kalila wa-Dimna by the order of the future King Alfonso X while he was still a prince. The Arabic text is itself an 8th-century translation by Ibn al-Muqaffa' of a Middle Persian version of the Sanskrit Panchatantra from about 2nd-century BCE. [1]
The works were translated into Castilian by a special panel of trilingual Jews. Four of the major scientific works produced under Alfonso’s direction were Tablas alfonsíes ( Alfonsine Tables ), Libros del saber de astronomía ( Books of Wisdom of Astronomy ), Libro de los juicios de las estrellas ( Book of Judgments of Astrology ), and ...
Castilian (castellano), that is, Spanish, is the native language of the Castilians.Its origin is traditionally ascribed to an area south of the Cordillera Cantábrica, including the upper Ebro valley, in northern Spain, around the 8th and 9th centuries; however, the first written standard was developed in the 13th century in the southern city of Toledo.