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A 2010 published meta-analysis found for every 255 patients taking a statin for 4 years, one additional case of diabetes would occur whilst preventing 5.4 major coronary events. [27] Some drugs interact with statins in a way that increases the risk of muscle injury called myopathy, characterized by unexplained muscle weakness or pain.
SAAM may affect people after long-term statin use even if they had no previous muscular side effects. [4] A differentiating feature between this and more benign statin side effects is SAAM typically has a late onset. While muscle pain (myalgia) is seen in 9-20% of patients treated with statins, it typically occurs in the first month of treatment.
For patients taking antihyperlipidemic agents, liver function tests have to be conducted before and during the therapy to monitor the elevation of liver enzymes which may result in hepatotoxicity, especially for those undergoing statin therapy. [52] For patients taking blood-thinners, signs of severe bleeding should be monitored.
Muscle pain and other symptoms often cause patients to stop taking a statin. [87] This is known as statin intolerance. A 2021 double-blind multiple crossover randomized controlled trial (RCT) in statin-intolerant patients found that adverse effects, including muscle pain, were similar between atorvastatin and placebo. [ 88 ]
Ezetimibe, sold under the brand name Zetia among others, is a medication used to treat high blood cholesterol and certain other lipid abnormalities. [3] [4] Generally it is used together with dietary changes and a statin. [5]
Mayo Clinic is a nonprofit hospital system with campuses in Rochester, Minnesota; Scottsdale and Phoenix, Arizona; and Jacksonville, Florida. [22] [23] Mayo Clinic employs 76,000 people, including more than 7,300 physicians and clinical residents and over 66,000 allied health staff, as of 2022. [5]
With median follow-up of 6 years, simvastatin+ezetimibe was found to reduce the primary outcome of CV mortality, major CV event, or nonfatal stroke (34.7% vs. 32.7%; P=0.016; NNT 50 per 7 years or NNT 350 per 1 year ). There was no reduction in all-cause or CV mortality with simvastatin+ezetimibe, though there was a reduction in MI and stroke. [6]
Physicians legally can and often do prescribe medicines for purposes not listed in this section (so-called "off-label uses"). Contraindications - lists situations in which the medication should not be used, for example in patients with other medical conditions such as kidney problems or allergies