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The Hokkaido Former Aborigines Protection Act (Japanese: 北海道旧土人保護法公布) was a Japanese law enacted by the Imperial Diet in 1899 during the reign ...
Despite the small number of native speakers of Ainu, there is an active movement to revitalize the language, mainly in Hokkaido but also elsewhere, such as in Kanto. [105] Ainu oral literature has been documented both in hopes of safeguarding it for future generations and for use as a teaching tool for language learners. [ 106 ]
The 1899 Hokkaido Former Aborigines Protection Act further marginalized and impoverished the Ainu people by forcing them to leave their traditional lands and relocating them to the rugged, mountainous regions in the center of the island. [43] [44] The act prohibited the Ainu from fishing and hunting, which were their main source of subsistence ...
In 1937, the Hokkaido Law for the Protection of the Former Native People of Hokkaido was amended, and Ainu schools were abolished. Although there were researchers of Ainu culture, prejudice persisted, with even Kyōsuke Kindaichi , who left behind a vast amount of material on the Ainu language and culture, viewing the Ainu as a people to be ...
The Iboshi family name dated back to the time of Hokuto's grandfather Manjirō. Manjirō went in 1872 to study in Tokyo on the grounds of Zōjō-ji, at the "Aborigine Education Facility" associated with the Kaitakushi (Hokkaido Development Commission). With excellent grades, he remained in Tokyo as an official of the Kaitakushi.
Ainu (アイヌ イタㇰ, aynu itak), or more precisely Hokkaido Ainu (Japanese: 北海道アイヌ語), is a language spoken by a few elderly members of the Ainu people on the northern Japanese island of Hokkaido. It is a member of the Ainu language family, itself considered a language family isolate with no academic consensus of origin.
Japanese sources that include an etymology describe Ezo as probably originally a borrowing from the Ainu word enciw meaning ' person; people '. [3] [5] [6] [4] The term is first attested in Japanese in a text from 1153 in reference to any of the non-Japanese people living in the northeast of Honshū, and then later in 1485 in reference to the northern islands where these people lived ...
Only the Hokkaido variant survives, with the last speaker of Sakhalin Ainu having died in 1994. Some linguists note that the Ainu language was an important lingua franca on Sakhalin. Asahi (2005) reported that the status of the Ainu language was rather high and was also used by early Russian and Japanese administrative officials to communicate ...