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The difference between an infection and a colonization is often only a matter of circumstance. Non-pathogenic organisms can become pathogenic given specific conditions, and even the most virulent organism requires certain circumstances to cause a compromising infection.
Diagram showing bacteria growing and forming into a biofilm on a surface. Colonisation or colonization is the spread and development of an organism in a new area or habitat. . Colonization comprises the physical arrival of a species in a new area, but also its successful establishment within the local communi
Three stages can be used to categorize the infection process of pneumococcal pneumonia: transmission, colonization, and invasion. [5] The Streptococcus pneumoniae ( S. pneumoniae ) leave the colonized host via shedding in order to be transmissible to new hosts, and must survive in the environment until infection of a new host (unless direct ...
colonization of a niche in the host (this includes movement towards and attachment to host cells) [1] [2] immunoevasion, evasion of the host's immune response [1] [2] [3] immunosuppression, inhibition of the host's immune response (this includes leukocidin-mediated cell death) [1] entry into and exit out of cells (if the pathogen is an ...
Vaginal or rectal GBS colonization may be intermittent, transitory, or persistent. [14] These variations in the reported prevalence of asymptomatic (presenting no symptoms of disease) colonization could be related to the different detection methods used, and differences in populations studied.
The host-pathogen interaction is defined as how microbes or viruses sustain themselves within host organisms on a molecular, cellular, organismal or population level. This term is most commonly used to refer to disease-causing microorganisms although they may not cause illness in all hosts. [1]
According to data from the National Nosocomial Infection Service, between 1986 and 1990, only 2.3% of 1825 Enterobacteriaceae isolates sampled were found to be resistant. [ 10 ] According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control, CRE producing what was the most common type of carbapenem-destroying enzyme in 2001 were first detected in a North ...
The genome of S. pneumoniae is a closed, circular DNA structure that contains between 2.0 and 2.1 million base pairs depending on the strain. It has a core set of 1553 genes, plus 154 genes in its virulome, which contribute to virulence and 176 genes that maintain a noninvasive phenotype. Genetic information can vary up to 10% between strains. [18]