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t. e. In statistics, linear regression is a statistical model which estimates the linear relationship between a scalar response (dependent variable) and one or more explanatory variables (regressor or independent variable). The case of one explanatory variable is called simple linear regression; for more than one, the process is called multiple ...
Derivative test. In calculus, a derivative test uses the derivatives of a function to locate the critical points of a function and determine whether each point is a local maximum, a local minimum, or a saddle point. Derivative tests can also give information about the concavity of a function. The usefulness of derivatives to find extrema is ...
In calculus, the derivative of any linear combination of functions equals the same linear combination of the derivatives of the functions; [1] this property is known as linearity of differentiation, the rule of linearity, [2] or the superposition rule for differentiation. [3] It is a fundamental property of the derivative that encapsulates in a ...
Sensitivity analysis. Sensitivity analysis is the study of how the uncertainty in the output of a mathematical model or system (numerical or otherwise) can be divided and allocated to different sources of uncertainty in its inputs. [1][2] This involves estimating sensitivity indices that quantify the influence of an input or group of inputs on ...
The intuition of the delta method is that any such g function, in a "small enough" range of the function, can be approximated via a first order Taylor series (which is basically a linear function). If the random variable is roughly normal then a linear transformation of it is also normal. Small range can be achieved when approximating the ...
t. e. Okun's law in macroeconomics states that in an economy the GDP growth should depend linearly on the changes in the unemployment rate. Here the ordinary least squares method is used to construct the regression line describing this law. In statistics, ordinary least squares (OLS) is a type of linear least squares method for choosing the ...
The numerical solution to the linear test equation decays to zero if | r(z) | < 1 with z = hλ. The set of such z is called the domain of absolute stability. In particular, the method is said to be absolute stable if all z with Re(z) < 0 are in the domain of absolute stability. The stability function of an explicit Runge–Kutta method is a ...
Maximum likelihood estimation. In statistics, maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) is a method of estimating the parameters of an assumed probability distribution, given some observed data. This is achieved by maximizing a likelihood function so that, under the assumed statistical model, the observed data is most probable.