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  2. Chromatography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromatography

    Chromatography – a physical method of separation that distributes components to separate between two phases, one stationary (stationary phase), the other (the mobile phase) moving in a definite direction. Eluent (sometimes spelled eluant) – the solvent or solvent fixure used in elution chromatography and is synonymous with mobile phase.

  3. Gas chromatography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_chromatography

    Gas chromatography is the process of separating compounds in a mixture by injecting a gaseous or liquid sample into a mobile phase, typically called the carrier gas, and passing the gas through a stationary phase. The mobile phase is usually an inert gas or an unreactive gas such as helium, argon, nitrogen or hydrogen. [1]

  4. Column chromatography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Column_chromatography

    Column chromatography can be done using gravity to move the solvent, or using compressed gas to push the solvent through the column. A thin-layer chromatograph can show how a mixture of compounds will behave when purified by column chromatography. The separation is first optimised using thin-layer chromatography before performing column ...

  5. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquid_chromatography...

    Liquid chromatography is a method of physical separation in which the components of a liquid mixture are distributed between two immiscible phases, i.e., stationary and mobile. The practice of LC can be divided into five categories, i.e., adsorption chromatography , partition chromatography , ion-exchange chromatography , size-exclusion ...

  6. Elution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elution

    Elution. In analytical and organic chemistry, elution is the process of extracting one material from another by washing with a solvent: washing of loaded ion-exchange resins to remove captured ions, or eluting proteins or other biopolymers from a gel electrophoresis or chromatography column. In a liquid chromatography experiment, for example ...

  7. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_chromatography–mass...

    Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) is an analytical method that combines the features of gas-chromatography and mass spectrometry to identify different substances within a test sample. [1] Applications of GC–MS include drug detection, fire investigation, environmental analysis, explosives ...

  8. High-performance liquid chromatography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-performance_liquid...

    Displacement chromatography has advantages over elution chromatography in that components are resolved into consecutive zones of pure substances rather than "peaks". Because the process takes advantage of the nonlinearity of the isotherms, a larger column feed can be separated on a given column with the purified components recovered at ...

  9. Reversed-phase chromatography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reversed-phase_chromatography

    Reversed-phase chromatography. Reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RP-LC) is a mode of liquid chromatography in which non-polar stationary phase and polar mobile phases are used for the separation of organic compounds. [1][2][3] The vast majority of separations and analyses using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in recent years ...