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  2. Khwarazmian Empire - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khwarazmian_Empire

    The Khwarazmian Empire [note 2] (English: / k w ə ˈ r æ z m i ən /), [10] or simply Khwarazm [note 3], was a culturally Persianate, Sunni Muslim empire of Turkic mamluk origin. [11] [12] Khwarazmians ruled large parts of present-day Central Asia, Afghanistan, and Iran from 1077 to 1231; first as vassals of the Seljuk Empire [13] and the Qara Khitai (Western Liao dynasty), [14] and from ...

  3. Khwarazm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khwarazm

    Khwarazm (/ x w ə ˈ r æ z ə m /; Old Persian: Hwârazmiya; Persian: خوارزم, Xwârazm or Xârazm) or Chorasmia (/ k ə ˈ r æ z m i ə /) is a large oasis region on the Amu Darya river delta in western Central Asia, bordered on the north by the (former) Aral Sea, on the east by the Kyzylkum Desert, on the south by the Karakum Desert, and on the west by the Ustyurt Plateau.

  4. Khiva - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khiva

    The Pahlavon Mahmud Memorial Complex was built in memory of the revered Khiva poet, who after his death was canonized as the patron saint of the city. Nearby is the 45-meter high Islomxo‘ja minaret topped with a through lantern with a dome on top. In the outer part of the city - Dishan qalʼa - there are also many ancient architectural monuments.

  5. Khanate of Khiva - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khanate_of_Khiva

    The Khanate of Khiva (Chagatay: خیوه خانلیگی, romanized: Khivâ Khânligi, Persian: خانات خیوه, romanized: Khânât-e Khiveh, Uzbek: Xiva xonligi, Хива хонлиги, Turkmen: Hywa hanlygy, Russian: Хивинское ханство, romanized: Khivinskoye khanstvo) was a Central Asian polity [8] that existed in the historical region of Khwarazm from 1511 to 1920 ...

  6. Mongol invasion of the Khwarazmian Empire - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongol_invasion_of_the...

    Between 1219 and 1221, [2] the Mongol forces under Genghis Khan invaded the lands of the Khwarazmian Empire in Central Asia. The campaign, which followed the annexation of the Qara Khitai Khanate, saw widespread devastation and atrocities. The invasion marked the completion of the Mongol conquest of Central Asia, and began the Mongol conquest ...

  7. File:Map of Khwarazm in the Islamic period, before the Mongol ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Map_of_Khwarazm_in...

    English: Map of Khwarazm in the Islamic period, before the Mongol invasion. Date. 26 May 2021. Source. Own work, based on: Le Strange, Guy. The Lands of the Eastern Caliphate: Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia, from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur. ( page 447) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1905. Author.

  8. Khwarazmian army between 1231 and 1246 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khwarazmian_army_between...

    The city of Babilonia is at the left edge of the image. [1] In 1231, the Khwarazmians were briefly in the service of the Ayyubid governors around Lake Van. Between 1231 and 1237, they were in the service of the Seljukid sultanate of Rum and fought against an Ayyubid invasion in 1232–1233. The Khwarazmians were forced back into Upper ...

  9. Al-Biruni - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Biruni

    Al-Biruni's name is derived from the Persian word bērūn or bīrūn ("outskirts"), as he was born in an outlying district of Kath, the capital of the Afrighid kingdom of Khwarazm. [5] The city, now called Beruniy, is part of the autonomous republic of Karakalpakstan in northwest Uzbekistan. [9] His name was most commonly latinized as ...