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Older social theories were often conceptually essentialist. [4] In biology and other natural sciences, essentialism provided the rationale for taxonomy at least until the time of Charles Darwin. [5] The role and importance of essentialism in modern biology is still a matter of debate. [6]
Critical social work is the application to social work of a critical theory perspective. Critical social work seeks to address social injustices, as opposed to focusing on individualized issues. Critical theories explain social problems as arising from various forms of oppression and injustice in globalized capitalist societies and forms of ...
Moral Panics: The Social Construction of Deviance, written with Nachman Ben-Yehuda, is a book about moral panics, from a sociological perspective. In Paranormal Beliefs: A Sociological Introduction (1999), Goode studies paranormal beliefs such as UFOs, ESP, and creationism using the methods of the sociology of deviance. Consistent in tone with ...
Standpoint has been referenced as a concept that should be acknowledged and understood in the social work field, especially when approaching and assisting clients. [29] Social workers seek to understand the concept of positionality within dynamic systems to encourage empathy. [30] [31] Many marginalized populations rely on the welfare system to ...
Simon and Gagnon's sexual script theory seemed to have come at a time when several researchers in the 1960s and 1970s were appealed by the social constructionism approach because many cultural events during that time, called into question essentialist perspectives that had been taken for granted previously. [1]
Gender essentialism is a metaphysical theory which attributes distinct, intrinsic qualities to women and men. [1] [2] [3] Based in essentialism, it holds that there are certain universal, innate, biologically (or psychologically) based features of gender that are at the root of many of the group differences observed in the behavior of men and women.
Essentialism and entitativity are related but distinct concepts. Essentialism refers to the belief that members of a particular social category share a fixed, underlying nature or essence, a belief that some scholars have considered a cognitive bias. [20] [21] [22] Essentialism therefore incorporates beliefs of both entitativity and naturalness ...
Strategic essentialism, a major concept in postcolonial theory, was introduced in the 1980s by the woman Indian literary critic and theorist Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak. [1] It refers to a political tactic in which minority groups, or ethnic groups mobilize on the basis of shared identity attributes to represent themselves.