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In a module, the scalars need only be a ring, so the module concept represents a significant generalization. In commutative algebra, both ideals and quotient rings are modules, so that many arguments about ideals or quotient rings can be combined into a single argument about modules. In non-commutative algebra, the distinction between left ...
In algebra, the elementary divisors of a module over a principal ideal domain (PID) occur in one form of the structure theorem for finitely generated modules over a principal ideal domain. If R {\displaystyle R} is a PID and M {\displaystyle M} a finitely generated R {\displaystyle R} -module, then M is isomorphic to a finite direct sum of the form
The operations in this ring are addition and composition of endomorphisms. More generally, if V is a left module over a ring R, then the set of all R-linear maps forms a ring, also called the endomorphism ring and denoted by End R (V). The endomorphism ring of an elliptic curve. It is a commutative ring if the elliptic curve is defined over a ...
The category of right modules is defined in a similar way. One can also define the category of bimodules over a ring R but that category is equivalent to the category of left (or right) modules over the enveloping algebra of R (or over the opposite of that). Note: Some authors use the term module category for the category of modules. This term ...
If the ring R is considered as a left module over itself, then its cyclic submodules are exactly its left principal ideals as a ring. The same holds for R as a right R -module, mutatis mutandis . If R is F [ x ], the ring of polynomials over a field F , and V is an R -module which is also a finite-dimensional vector space over F , then the ...
A ring such that there are algorithms for the arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication) and for the above problems may be called a computable ring, or effective ring. One may also say that linear algebra on the ring is effective. The article considers the main rings for which linear algebra is effective.
The integers, considered as a module over the ring of integers, is a Noetherian module. If R = M n (F) is the full matrix ring over a field, and M = M n 1 (F) is the set of column vectors over F, then M can be made into a module using matrix multiplication by elements of R on the left of elements of M. This is a Noetherian module.