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According to Catholics and Eastern Orthodox we are justified by God's grace which is a free gift but is received through baptism initially, through the faith that works for love in the continuous life of a Christian and through the sacrament of reconciliation if the grace of justification is lost through grave sin.
Whereas in Lutheran theology the central doctrine and focus of all our worship and life is justification by grace through faith, for Methodists the central focus has always been holy living and the striving for perfection. Wesley gave the analogy of a house. He said repentance is the porch. Faith is the door. But holy living is the house itself.
The doctrine of salvation by God's grace alone, received as a gift through faith and without dependence on human merit, was the measure by which he judged the religious practices and official teachings of the church of his day and found them wanting." [18] Luther explained justification this way in his Smalcald Articles:
[25] Although internal and proper to the one justified, this justice and holiness are still understood as a gift of grace through the Holy Spirit rather than something earned or acquired independently of God's salvific work. Put starkly, the Catholic Church rejects the teaching of imputed righteousness as being a present reality.
The intention of the Joint Declaration is as follows: "The present Joint Declaration has this intention: namely, to show that on the basis of their dialogue the subscribing Lutheran churches and the Roman Catholic Church are now able to articulate a common understanding of our justification by God’s grace through faith in Christ.
Justification made possible for all through Christ's death, but only completed upon choosing faith in Jesus. [36] Conversion: Monergistic, [37] through the means of grace, irresistible. Monergistic, [38] [39] through the means of grace, resistible. [40] Synergistic, resistible due to the common grace of free will. [41] [42] Perseverance and ...
The grace of justification is bestowed through the merit of Christ's passion, [49] without any merits on the part of the person justified, who is enabled to cooperate only through the grace of God. [49] The grace of justification may be lost through mortal sin, but can also be restored by the sacrament of Penance. [49]
The most important for Luther was the doctrine of justification—God's act of declaring a sinner righteous—by faith alone through God's grace. He began to teach that salvation or redemption is a gift of God's grace, attainable only through faith in Jesus as the Messiah. [41] "This one and firm rock, which we call the doctrine of ...