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Epididymal cyst is a harmless sac in the testicles filled with fluid. [2] The most frequent clinical presentation occurs when a routine physical examination yields an unexpected finding, which is then confirmed by scrotal ultrasonography . [ 1 ]
Although both epididymis cyst and spermatocele may be referred as the same, the epididymis cyst does not contain sperm and it can occur anywhere within the epididymis. It can be differentiated through an ultrasound imagining. Epididymis cysts larger than 10mm in diameter are recommended for surgery but if there is no problem then surgery is ...
A spermatocelectomy is a surgical procedure performed to remove a spermatocele [1] by separating it from the epididymis. The patient is given an anesthetic in the groin and a small incision is made into the scrotum. The surgeon pulls the testicle and epididymis to the incision and separates the spermatocele by tying it off with a suture.
Diagnosis may involve testing urine samples or an ultrasound. Treatment can include antibiotics, medications to address pain and swelling, or surgical removal of the epididymis. [18] Epididymal cysts is a mass that forms in the epididymis. [10] These cysts differ from spermatoceles as they contain clear fluid, rather than seminal fluid.
Sperm granulomas appear as hard and firm nodules that do not exceed 1 cm in size. Sperm granulomas form in 20-50% of vasectomy procedures. [6] An injury to the epididymal epithelium is caused by penetration of germ cells into the epididymal supportive tissue. This infiltration of germ cells allows for the pathogenesis of sperm granulomas.
Surgical removal of the epididymis is rarely necessary, causes sterility, and only gives relief from pain in approximately 50% of cases. [5] However, in acute suppurating epididymitis (acute epididymitis with a discharge of pus), an epididymotomy may be recommended; in refractory cases, a full epididymectomy may be required.
Epididymectomy is the surgical removal of the epididymis sometimes performed for post-vasectomy pain syndrome and for refractory cases of epididymitis. Epididymectomy is also performed for sterilization on some male animals of livestock species so they can be used to detect estrus in females ready for artificial insemination.
Obstruction in the epididymis or efferent ductules may lead to cystic dilatation of the efferent ductules, which usually presents as an epididymal cyst on ultrasound. However, in the more proximal portion this could lead to the formation of an intratesticular cyst or dilatation of the tubules, so-called tubular ectasia.