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B7 is a type of integral membrane protein found on activated antigen-presenting cells (APC) that, when paired with either a CD28 or CD152 (CTLA-4) surface protein on a T cell, can produce a costimulatory signal or a coinhibitory signal to enhance or decrease the activity of a MHC - TCR signal between the APC and the T cell, respectively.
Molecules is a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal that focuses on all aspects of chemistry and materials science. It was established in March 1996 and is published monthly by MDPI. From 1997 to 2001, Molbank was published as a section of the journal, before splitting into its own journal. The editor-in-chief is Farid Chemat.
Co-stimulation. Co-stimulation is a secondary signal which immune cells rely on to activate an immune response in the presence of an antigen -presenting cell. [1] In the case of T cells, two stimuli are required to fully activate their immune response. During the activation of lymphocytes, co-stimulation is often crucial to the development of ...
The International Journal of Molecular Sciences is a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal covering research in chemistry, molecular physics, and molecular biology. It is published by MDPI and was established in 2000. The journal is considered one of MDPI's flagship publications. [1]
Anaphase-promoting complex (also called the cyclosome or APC/C) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that marks target cell cycle proteins for degradation by the 26S proteasome. The APC/C is a large complex of 11–13 subunit proteins, including a cullin (Apc2) and RING (Apc11) subunit much like SCF. Other parts of the APC/C have unknown functions but are ...
Protein C. Protein C, also known as autoprothrombin IIA and blood coagulation factor XIV, [5]: 6822 [6] is a zymogen, that is, an inactive enzyme. The activated form plays an important role in regulating anticoagulation, inflammation, and cell death and maintaining the permeability of blood vessel walls in humans and other animals.
MDPI. MDPI (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute) is a publisher of open-access scientific journals. It publishes over 390 peer-reviewed, open access journals. [2][3] MDPI is among the largest publishers in the world in terms of journal article output, [4][5] and is the largest publisher of open access articles.
Antigen-presenting cell. Antigen presentation stimulates immature T cells to become either mature "cytotoxic" CD8+ cells or mature "helper" CD4 + cells. An antigen-presenting cell (APC) or accessory cell is a cell that displays an antigen bound by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins on its surface; this process is known as antigen ...