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An information system (IS) is a formal, sociotechnical, organizational system designed to collect, process, store, and distribute information. [1] From a sociotechnical perspective, information systems comprise four components: task, people, structure (or roles), and technology. [2]
This is the Antikythera mechanism, which is considered the first mechanical analog computer, dating back to the first century BC.. Based on the storage and processing technologies employed, it is possible to distinguish four distinct phases of IT development: pre-mechanical (3000 BC – 1450 AD), mechanical (1450 – 1840), electromechanical (1840 – 1940), and electronic (1940 to present).
Computer science is the study of computation, information, and automation. [1] [2] [3] Computer science spans theoretical disciplines (such as algorithms, theory of computation, and information theory) to applied disciplines (including the design and implementation of hardware and software).
Information science [1] [2] [3] is an academic field which is primarily concerned with analysis, collection, classification, manipulation, storage, retrieval, movement, dissemination, and protection of information. [4]
The integrated circuit is an essential invention to produce modern software systems. [2]The first use of the word software to describe computer programs is credited to mathematician John Wilder Tukey in 1958. [3]
An example of a physical security measure: a metal lock on the back of a personal computer to prevent hardware tampering. Computer security (also cybersecurity, digital security, or information technology (IT) security) is the protection of computer software, systems and networks from threats that can lead to unauthorized information disclosure, theft or damage to hardware, software, or data ...
The School of Informatics is an academic unit of the University of Edinburgh, in Scotland, responsible for research, teaching, outreach and commercialisation in informatics.
Computer vision is an interdisciplinary field that deals with how computers can be made to gain high-level understanding from digital images or videos.From the perspective of engineering, it seeks to automate tasks that the human visual system can do.