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Acute use (1–3 days) yields a potency about 1.5× stronger than that of morphine and chronic use (7 days+) yields a potency about 2.5 to 5× that of morphine. Similarly, the effect of tramadol increases after consecutive dosing due to the accumulation of its active metabolite and an increase of the oral bioavailability in chronic use.
Ceftaroline fosamil / s ɛ f ˈ t ær oʊ l iː n /, brand name Teflaro in the US and Zinforo in Europe, [1] [2] is a cephalosporin antibiotic with anti-MRSA activity. [3] Ceftaroline fosamil is a prodrug of ceftaroline. It is active against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and other Gram-positive bacteria.
Ceftriaxone, sold under the brand name Rocephin, is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections. [4] These include middle ear infections, endocarditis, meningitis, pneumonia, bone and joint infections, intra-abdominal infections, skin infections, urinary tract infections, gonorrhea, and pelvic inflammatory disease. [4]
In pharmacokinetics, the rate of infusion (or dosing rate) refers not just to the rate at which a drug is administered, but the desired rate at which a drug should be administered to achieve a steady state of a fixed dose which has been demonstrated to be therapeutically effective. Abbreviations include K in, [1] K 0, [2] or R 0.
[1] [2] The drug travels by some route of administration ( oral , topical-dermal , etc.) in a chosen dosage form (e.g., tablets , capsules , or in solution ). [ 3 ] Absorption by some other routes, such as intravenous therapy , intramuscular injection , enteral nutrition , is even more straightforward and there is less variability in absorption ...
An inhaled powdery particle that is >8 μm is structurally predisposed to depositing in the central and conducting airways (conducting zone) by inertial impaction. [47] An inhaled powdery particle that is between 3 and 8 μm in diameter tend to largely deposit in the transitional zones of the lung by sedimentation. [47]
In the dog, the half-life of cefovecin is 5.5 days, and in the cat, it is 6.9 days. [7] In birds and reptiles, the half-life is only a few hours, much shorter than in dogs and cats. [ 8 ] In cats, 99% of cefovecin is bound to proteins in the blood plasma .
(Compl. P 3.) The other half was "purposefully 'low-dosed'" with ceftriaxone, an FDA-approved drug shown to be effective in treating meningitis. (Compl. P 125.) In order to enhance the comparative results of Trovan, Pfizer administered only one-third of ceftriaxone's recommended dosage. (Compl. P 3, 124-25.)