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Lemons entered Europe near southern Italy no later than the second century AD, during the time of Ancient Rome. [7] They were later introduced to Persia and then to Iraq and Egypt around 700 AD. [7] The lemon was first recorded in literature in a 10th-century Arabic treatise on farming; it was used as an ornamental plant in early Islamic ...
During the period of the Roman Empire, demand by higher-ranking members of society, along with increased trade, allowed the fruits to spread to southern Europe. Citrus fruits spread throughout Europe during the Middle Ages, and were then brought to the Americas by Spanish explorers. Worldwide trade in citrus fruits did not appear until the 20th ...
Lemons, pomelos, and sour oranges were introduced to the Mediterranean by Arab traders around the 10th century CE. Sweet oranges were brought to Europe by the Genoese and Portuguese from Asia during the 15th to 16th century. Mandarins were not introduced until the 19th century. [18] [19] [20] Oranges were introduced to Florida by Spanish colonists.
Corn, beans and squash were domesticated in Mesoamerica around 3500 BCE. Potatoes, quinoa and manioc were domesticated in South America. In what is now the eastern United States, Native Americans domesticated sunflower and sumpweed around 2500 BCE. [11]
In the immediate aftermath of World War II and the defeat of fascism, as many as 9,000 Nazis and other fascists escaped Europe to South America via ratlines, including Croats, Ukrainians, Russians, and other Europeans who aided the Nazi war machine. Most, perhaps as many as 5,000, went to Argentina; between 1,500 and 2,000 may have made it to ...
While common in the warmer climates of Southern Europe, lemons would have been a relatively new introduction to the Netherlands, requiring growing in a orangery. The cuisine of early modern Europe (c. 1500–1800) was a mix of dishes inherited from medieval cuisine combined with innovations that would persist in the modern era.
Lockheed produced one of the most famous aircraft to take flight in World War II, the P-38 Lightning. It was considered the most innovative plane of its day, adding incredible speed to four 50 ...
1892 map of South America Animation showing geographic evolution of European colonies and breakaway states in South America, 1700 to present Contemporary political map of South America The history of South America is the study of the past, particularly the written record, oral histories, and traditions, passed down from generation to generation ...