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A canonical example of greedy reductionism, labelled as such by Dennett himself, [2] is the behaviorism of B. F. Skinner.It is often said of this school of thought (which dominated the field of psychology, at least in the Anglo-American world, for part of the twentieth century) that it denied the existence of mental states such as beliefs, although at least in Skinner's original version it ...
The ERN is a sharp negative going signal which begins about the same time an incorrect motor response begins, (response locked event-related potential), and typically peaks from 80 to 150 milliseconds (ms) after the erroneous response begins (or 40–80 ms after the onset of electromyographic activity).
Some Catholics appeal to conscience in order to justify dissent, not on the level of conscience properly understood, but on the level of the principles and norms which are supposed to inform conscience. For example, some priests make on the use of the so-called internal forum solution (which is not sanctioned by the Magisterium) to justify ...
An example of this would be a child attempting to slide down a toy slide or attempting to enter and drive a miniature toy car. This phenomenon was first documented and studied by DeLoache et. al in 2004. [ 2 ]
Several theories predict the fundamental attribution error, and thus both compete to explain it, and can be falsified if it does not occur. Some examples include: Just-world fallacy. The belief that people get what they deserve and deserve what they get, the concept of which was first theorized by Melvin J. Lerner in 1977. [11]
Automation bias, the tendency to depend excessively on automated systems which can lead to erroneous automated information overriding correct decisions. [54] Gender bias, a widespread [55] set of implicit biases that discriminate against a gender. For example, the assumption that women are less suited to jobs requiring high intellectual ability.
Examples of some common cognitive distortions seen in depressed and anxious individuals. People may be taught how to identify and alter these distortions as part of cognitive behavioural therapy. John C. Gibbs and Granville Bud Potter propose four categories for cognitive distortions: self-centered , blaming others , minimizing-mislabeling ...
Scrupulosity is the pathological guilt and anxiety about moral issues. Although it can affect nonreligious people, it is usually related to religious beliefs. It is personally distressing, dysfunctional, and often accompanied by significant impairment in social functioning.