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Idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP), or noninfectious pneumonia [1] are a class of diffuse lung diseases. These diseases typically affect the pulmonary interstitium , although some also have a component affecting the airways (for instance, cryptogenic organizing pneumonitis ).
The underlying mechanism involves scarring of the lungs. [1] Diagnosis requires ruling out other potential causes. [3] It may be supported by a high resolution CT scan or lung biopsy which show usual interstitial pneumonia. [3] It is a type of interstitial lung disease. [3] People often benefit from pulmonary rehabilitation and supplemental ...
The average rate of survival for someone with this disease is between three and five years. [5] The term ILD is used to distinguish these diseases from obstructive airways diseases. There are specific types in children, known as children's interstitial lung diseases. The acronym ChILD is sometimes used for this group of diseases. [6]
Usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) is a form of lung disease characterized by progressive scarring of both lungs. [1] The scarring (pulmonary fibrosis) involves the pulmonary interstitium (the supporting framework of the lung). UIP is thus classified as a form of interstitial lung disease.
The fibrosing pattern of NSIP has a five-year survival rate of 86% to 92%, while the cellular pattern of NSIP has a 100% five-year survival rate. Patients with NSIP (whether cellular or fibrosing), have a better prognosis than those with usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP). [4]
The actual number may be significantly higher due to misdiagnosis. Typically, patients are in their forties and fifties when diagnosed, while the incidence of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis increases dramatically after age 50. But loss of pulmonary function is commonly ascribed to old age, heart disease, or more common lung diseases. [40]
Acute interstitial pneumonitis (also known as acute interstitial pneumonia) is a rare, severe lung disease that usually affects otherwise healthy individuals. There is no known cause or cure. Acute interstitial pneumonitis is often categorized as both an interstitial lung disease and a form of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
Computed tomography (CT) may be used to confirm the diagnosis. Often the findings are typical enough to allow the doctor to make a diagnosis without ordering additional tests. [19] To confirm the diagnosis, a doctor may perform a lung biopsy using a bronchoscope. Many times, a larger specimen is needed and must be removed surgically.
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