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Robert Anthony Altemeyer (6 June 1940 – 7 February 2024) was a Canadian psychologist who was Professor of Psychology at the University of Manitoba. [1] [2] Altemeyer also produced the right-wing authoritarianism scale, or RWA Scale, [3] as well as the related left-wing authoritarianism scale, or LWA Scale.
In psychology, right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) is a set of attitudes, describing somebody who is highly submissive to their authority figures, acts aggressively in the name of said authorities, and is conformist in thought and behavior. [1]
Legitimate power comes from an elected, selected, or appointed position of authority and may be underpinned by social norms. [5] This power which means the ability to administer to another certain feelings of obligation or the notion of responsibility. [11] "Rewarding and Punishing subordinates is generally seen as a legitimate part of the ...
Authority bias is the tendency to attribute greater accuracy to the opinion of an authority figure (unrelated to its content) and be more influenced by that opinion. [1] An individual is more influenced by the opinion of this authority figure, believing their views to be more credible, and hence place greater emphasis on the authority figure's viewpoint and are more likely to obey them.
Authority, by contrast, depends on the acceptance by subordinates of the right of those above them to give them orders or directives. [11] [12] [13] The definition of authority in contemporary social science remains a matter of debate. Max Weber in his essay "Politics as a Vocation" (1919) divided legitimate authority into three types.
Charismatic authority grows out of the personal charm or the strength of an individual personality. [2] It was described by Weber in a lecture as "the authority of the extraordinary and personal gift of grace (charisma)"; he distinguished it from the other forms of authority by stating "Men do not obey him [the charismatic ruler] by virtue of tradition or statute, but because they believe in him."
Legitimation in the social sciences refers to the process whereby an act, process, or ideology becomes legitimate by its attachment to norms and values within a given society. It is the process of making something acceptable and normative to a group or audience.
Authority/subversion; Sanctity/degradation; Liberty/oppression. [8] [7] Its authors remain open to the addition, subtraction, or modification of the set of foundations. [2] Although the initial development of moral foundations theory focused on cultural differences, subsequent work with the theory has largely focused on political ideology.