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Gas gangrene (also known as clostridial myonecrosis [1]) is a bacterial infection that produces tissue gas in gangrene. This deadly form of gangrene usually is caused by Clostridium perfringens bacteria. About 1,000 cases of gas gangrene are reported yearly in the United States. [2] Myonecrosis is a condition of necrotic damage, specific to ...
In addition, infection of GAS may lead to further complications and health conditions, namely acute rheumatic fever and poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. Most common: impetigo, cellulitis, and erysipelas – infections of the skin which can be complicated by necrotizing fasciitis – skin, fascia and muscle; strep throat AKA strep ...
It can be classified as dry gangrene, wet gangrene, gas gangrene, internal gangrene, and necrotizing fasciitis. [3] The diagnosis of gangrene is based on history and physical examination and supported by tests such as medical imaging. [6] Main classifications: [7]
Necrotizing fasciitis producing gas in the soft tissues as seen on CT scan If available, computed tomography (CT) is the most convenient tool in diagnosing NF due to its speed and resolution (detects about 80% of NF cases). [ 16 ]
S. pyogenes invasion and multiplication in the fascia beneath the skin can lead to necrotizing fasciitis, a life-threatening surgical emergency. [35] [36] The bacterium is also an important cause of infection in newborns, who are susceptible to some forms of the infection that are rarely seen in adults, including meningitis. [37] [38]
Ecthyma gangrenosum is a type of skin lesion characterized by vesicles or blisters which rapidly evolve into pustules and necrotic ulcers with undermined tender erythematous border.
This may lead to loss of skin integrity, ischemic ulcers, and gangrene. Infection may vary in the depth of tissue to which it extends. Foot infections range from the most superficial, cellulitis, to deeper soft tissue necrotizing fasciitis, which may necessitate limb amputations or become life-threatening.
Myonecrosis is the death of individual muscle fibres due to injury, hypoxia, or infection. Common causes include spontaneous diabetic myonecrosis (a.k.a. diabetic muscle infarction) and clostridial myonecrosis (a.k.a. gas gangrene). [11] Some spider bites may lead to necrosis.