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Twin-turbo is a layout in which two turbochargers are used to compress the intake fuel/air mixture (or intake air, in the case of a direct-injection engine). The most common layout features two identical or mirrored turbochargers in parallel, each processing half of a V engine 's produced exhaust through independent piping.
Ferrari 126C F1 car used a hot vee in 1981. [3] BMW N63 was the first production motor using the hot vee, [4] used in the US-made BMW X6 since 2008. Since then others have been introduced including the Mercedes-AMG GT (2014), [5] the Porsche Cayenne Turbo (2018) and Cadillac's twin-turbocharged 4.2 liter V8 in the 2019 CT6-V.
A turbo-compound engine is a reciprocating engine that employs a turbine to recover energy from the exhaust gases. Instead of using that energy to drive a turbocharger as found in many high-power aircraft engines , the energy is instead sent to the output shaft to increase the total power delivered by the engine.
1973: The next mass-produced turbocharged car was the BMW 2002 Turbo, introduced at the 1973 Frankfurt motor show and featuring a 2.0 L (120 cu in) four-cylinder engine. [10] Due to excessive turbo lag, safety concerns and the 1973/1974 oil crisis, the 2002 Turbo was discontinued in 1974. [10]
In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (also known as a turbo or a turbosupercharger) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake air, forcing more air into the engine in order to produce more power for a given displacement .
A mechanically driven supercharger offers exceptional response and low-rpm performance, as it does not rely on pressurization of the exhaust manifold (assuming that it is a positive-displacement design, such as a Roots-type or twin-screw, as opposed to a centrifugal supercharger, which does not provide substantial boost in the lower rpm range), but is less efficient than a turbocharger due to ...
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A turboshaft engine is a form of gas turbine that is optimized to produce shaft horsepower rather than jet thrust.In concept, turboshaft engines are very similar to turbojets, with additional turbine expansion to extract heat energy from the exhaust and convert it into output shaft power.