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Whether the speech is sexually vulgar or obscene (Bethel School District v. Fraser). Whether the speech, if allowed as part of a school activity or function, would be contrary to the basic educational mission of the school (Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier). Each of these considerations has given rise to a separate mode of analysis, and in Morse v.
[7] In August 2018, the province of Ontario required all colleges and universities to develop and comply with a free speech policy based on the Chicago principles. [ 9 ] While the campaign to adopt the Chicago principles has gained traction among both public and private universities, some critics have challenged the cut-and-paste nature of the ...
Anarchistic free school; Democratic education; Democratic schools; Freedom of speech; Hidden curriculum; Minimally invasive education; Sudbury school; Student activism; Student bill of rights; Student-centred learning; Student protest; Student riot; Students' union; Student voice; Unschooling
Academic freedom and free speech rights are not coextensive, although this widely accepted view has been challenged by an "institutionalist" perspective on the First Amendment. [83] Academic freedom involves more than speech rights; for example, it includes the right to determine what is taught in the classroom.
The Foundation for Individual Rights and Expression (FIRE), formerly called the Foundation for Individual Rights in Education, is a 501(c)(3) [1] non-profit civil liberties group founded in 1999 with the mission of protecting freedom of speech on college campuses in the United States.
A Distant Heritage: The Growth of Free Speech in Early America. New York: New York University Press, 1995. Godwin, Mike (1998). Cyber Rights: Defending Free Speech in the Digital Age. New York: Times Books. ISBN 0-8129-2834-2. Rabban, David M. (1999). Free Speech in Its Forgotten Years, 1870–1920. New York: Cambridge University Press.
"Free Thought and Official Propaganda" is a speech (and subsequent publication) delivered in 1922 by Bertrand Russell on the importance of unrestricted freedom of expression in society, and the problem of the state and political class interfering in this through control of education, fines, economic leverage, and distortion of evidence.
Some legal scholars (such as Tim Wu of Columbia University) have argued that the traditional issues of free speech—that "the main threat to free speech" is the censorship of "suppressive states", and that "ill-informed or malevolent speech" can and should be overcome by "more and better speech" rather than censorship—assumes scarcity of ...