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There are two types of active transport: primary active transport that uses adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and secondary active transport that uses an electrochemical gradient. This process is in contrast to passive transport , which allows molecules or ions to move down their concentration gradient, from an area of high concentration to an area ...
In active transport a solute is moved against a concentration or electrochemical gradient; in doing so the transport proteins involved consume metabolic energy, usually ATP. In primary active transport the hydrolysis of the energy provider (e.g. ATP) takes place directly in order to transport the solute in question, for instance, when the ...
Secondary active transport is when one solute moves down the electrochemical gradient to produce enough energy to force the transport of another solute from low concentration to high concentration. [ citation needed ] An example of where this occurs is in the movement of glucose within the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT).
Active transport is the movement of a substance across a membrane against its concentration gradient. This is usually to accumulate high concentrations of molecules that a cell needs, such as glucose or amino acids. If the process uses chemical energy, such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP), it is called primary active transport.
Exocytosis (/ ˌ ɛ k s oʊ s aɪ ˈ t oʊ s ɪ s / [1] [2]) is a form of active transport and bulk transport in which a cell transports molecules (e.g., neurotransmitters and proteins) out of the cell (exo-+ cytosis). As an active transport mechanism, exocytosis requires the use of energy to transport material.
These transporters are expressed in nearly all body cells. While most GLUTs facilitate glucose transport, HMIT is an exception. [4] Among them, GLUT1-5 are the most extensively studied. However, for study GLUTs 1-4 or the Class I GLUTs are the most relevant. For more information on other GLUTs see sources 3 and 7, or the GLUT specific wikipedia ...
The transport of glucose across the proximal tubule cell membrane involves a complex process of secondary active transport (also known as co-transport). [3] This process begins with the Na + /K + ATPase on the basolateral membrane. This enzyme uses ATP to pump 3 sodium ions out of the cell into the blood while bringing 2 potassium ions into the ...
The P-type ATPases, also known as E 1-E 2 ATPases, are a large group of evolutionarily related ion and lipid pumps that are found in bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes. [1] P-type ATPases are α-helical bundle primary transporters named based upon their ability to catalyze auto- (or self-) phosphorylation (hence P) of a key conserved aspartate residue within the pump and their energy source ...