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A mosaic is a pattern or image made of small regular or irregular pieces of colored stone, glass or ceramic, held in place by plaster/mortar, and covering a surface. [1] Mosaics are often used as floor and wall decoration, and were particularly popular in the Ancient Roman world.
Like other mosaics, Byzantine mosaics are made of small pieces of glass, stone, ceramic, or other material, which are called tesserae. [18] During the Byzantine period, craftsmen expanded the materials that could be turned into tesserae, beginning to include gold leaf and precious stones, and perfected their construction.
The mosaics are incredibly large, with "The Worcester Hunt," the largest Antioch mosaic in the United States, [3] measuring 20.5 feet (6.26 m) x 23.3 feet (7.11 m). [5] The mosaics range in design from realistic imagery and scenes, to purely geometric patterns. [4] It is believed that the mosaics were created by mosaic specialists. [1]
The monastery church had an elaborate mosaic floor decorated with images of animals including a deer and an octopus. [4] Ruins of three Byzantine churches were discovered in the village of Bayt Jibrin (ancient Eleutheropolis). One was decorated with an exquisite mosaic depicting the four seasons, but it was defaced during the 1948 Arab-Israeli ...
The more intricately decorated mosaics are found in four different rooms branching off from the peristyle courtyard paved with marble chips, with corridor mosaics utilizing amphora fragments. [56] In the center of one mosaic is the figure of Dionysos riding a leopard against a similar black background to the mosaic in the House of Dionysos. [55]
The 5th-century Huqoq synagogue's mosaic floor also contains a depiction of Helios, the zodiac signs and personifications of the four seasons, next to images unique to this site. [3] The Huqoq design only resembles the one at Yafi'a, with Helios placed in a central medallion, which is surrounded by roundels interlaced with each other. [4]
A Roman mosaic on a wall in the House of Neptune and Amphitrite, Herculaneum, Italy, 1st century AD. A Roman mosaic is a mosaic made during the Roman period, throughout the Roman Republic and later Empire. Mosaics were used in a variety of private and public buildings, [1] on both floors and walls, though they competed with cheaper frescos for
Mosaic of Virgil from the 2nd century, according to Mohamed Yacoub. Mosaic depicting a man in a toga holding a scroll with writing, surrounded by two female figures, one holding a scroll and the other a theatrical mask. Virgil mosaic dated to the 2nd century by Mohamed Yacoub. The dating of the Neptune mosaic has varied in historiography.