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Alpha blockers, also known as α-blockers or α-adrenoreceptor antagonists, are a class of pharmacological agents that act as antagonists on α-adrenergic receptors (α-adrenoceptors). [2] Historically, alpha-blockers were used as a tool for pharmacologic research to develop a greater understanding of the autonomic nervous system.
Alpha 1 blocker exerts its action on alpha-1 receptor, dilating the smooth muscles. [3] Alpha-1 receptor is a Gq type G-protein coupled receptor . [ 3 ] When it is activated, it will lead to activation of phospholipase C , raising the intracellular level of IP3 and DAG . [ 3 ]
Alpha-1 blocker, blocks alpha receptors and it relaxes the smooth muscles in the bladder. It helps the urine to flow smoothly and it can lessen the pain caused by the bladder pressing on the prostate. [44] [45] Selective alpha-1 blockers are better tolerated than non-selective alpha blockers in the body and therefore works better on BPH. [2]
Alpha 1 blockers cause vasodilation by relaxing smooth muscles that control blood vessel diameter, leading to lower blood pressure. [1] FDA-approved uses of these drugs include treating conditions like benign prostatic hyperplasia, hypertension, pheochromocytoma, extravasation management, and reversal of local anesthesia.
Clinically, non-selective alpha antagonists block alpha receptors (but do not differentiate between alpha-1 and alpha-2). They are used as antihypertensives because they block alpha-receptor-mediated vasoconstriction. The block on alpha-2 receptors further potentiates beta-effects, increasing cardiac output.
Thrombosis or the formation of a blood clot in the catheter may block the device irrevocably. It happens in 0.3 to 28.3% of the cases. It happens in 0.3 to 28.3% of the cases. Administering cancer drugs through the port, frequent injury to the vessel during usage, or simply prolonged usage of the port can contribute to clot formation within the ...
A depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent is a form of neuromuscular blocker that depolarizes the motor end plate. [15] An example is succinylcholine . Depolarizing blocking agents work by depolarizing the plasma membrane of the muscle fiber, similar to acetylcholine .
The tetracyclic antidepressants mianserin and mirtazapine are α 2 blockers, although their efficacy as antidepressants may come from their activity at other receptor sites. [citation needed] Mechanistically, α 2 blockers increase adrenergic, dopaminergic and serotonergic neurotransmitters and induce insulin secretion, decreasing blood sugar ...