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As a result, the OSI reference model has not only become an important piece among professionals and non-professionals alike, but also in all networking between one or many parties, due in large part to its commonly accepted user-friendly framework. [4] Communication in the OSI model (example with layers 3 to 5)
OSI model Layer Protocol data unit (PDU) Function [3] Host layers 7 Application: Data: High-level protocols such as for resource sharing or remote file access, e.g. HTTP. 6 Presentation: Translation of data between a networking service and an application; including character encoding, data compression and encryption/decryption: 5 Session
This article lists protocols, categorized by the nearest layer in the Open Systems Interconnection model. This list is not exclusive to only the OSI protocol family. Many of these protocols are originally based on the Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) and other models and they often do not fit neatly into OSI layers.
The OSI model defines the application layer as only the interface responsible for communicating with host-based and user-facing applications. [10] OSI then explicitly distinguishes the functionality of two additional layers, the session layer and presentation layer , as separate levels below the application layer and above the transport layer.
Layer 8 is a term used to refer to user or political layer on top of the 7-layer OSI model of computer networking. [1] [2] The OSI model is a 7-layer abstract model that describes an architecture of data communications for networked computers. The layers build upon each other, allowing for the abstraction of specific functions in each one.
The OSI network management model categorizes five areas of function, sometimes referred to as the "FCAPS model:" FCAPS can be seen as the predecessor of the newer FAB model defined in the Business Process Framework (eTOM). FAB is short for fulfillment, assurance, billing. As guideline, you can map the two models as follows:
forecasts of how the new network/service will operate; the economic information concerning costs, and; the technical details of the network’s capabilities. [1] [2] Planning a new network/service involves implementing the new system across the first four layers of the OSI Reference Model. [1]
Protocol data units of the OSI model are: [1] The Layer 4: transport layer PDU is the segment or the datagram. The Layer 3: network layer PDU is the packet. The Layer 2: data link layer PDU is the frame. The Layer 1: physical layer PDU is the bit or, more generally, symbol.