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In Islamic tradition the two kiraman katibin (Arabic: كراماً كاتبين ‘honourable scribe’) are two angels called Raqib and Atid, believed by Muslims to record a person's actions. The Quran refers to them in two places, in 50:16-18 and by name as ‘Noble Recorders' in 82:10-12. [1]
A katib (Arabic: كَاتِب, kātib) is a writer, scribe, or secretary in the Arabic-speaking world, Persian World, and other Islamic areas as far as the Indian subcontinent. [1] In North Africa, the local pronunciation of the term also causes it to be written ketib. Duties comprised reading and writing correspondence, issue instructions at ...
Zāyd bin Thābit bin al-Ḍaḥḥāk (Arabic: زيد بن ثابت, romanized: Zayd ibn Thābit) was the personal scribe of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, serving as the chief recorder of the Quranic text. [1] He hailed from the ansar (helpers), later joined the ranks of the Muslim army at age 19. After Muhammad's passing in 632, he was ...
The scribe was a common job in medieval European towns during the 10th and 11th centuries. Many were employed at scriptoria owned by local schoolmasters or lords. These scribes worked under deadlines to complete commissioned works such as historic chronicles or poetry. Due to parchment being costly, scribes often created a draft of their work ...
Scribes either stood, kneeled or sat with their legs crossed for long periods of time as they wrote. If they sat cross-legged, their stretched skirts served as a table, according to the researchers.
Traditionally speaking in the Islamic empire, Arabic calligraphy was the common form of recording texts. Calligraphy is the practice or art of decorative handwriting. [3] The demand for calligraphy in the early stages of the Islamic empire (circa 7–8th century CE) can be attributed to a need to produce Qur'an manuscripts.
Islamic mosaics inside the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem (c. 690) The most important early Islamic mosaic work is the decoration of the Umayyad Mosque in Damascus, then capital of the Arab Caliphate. The mosque was built between 706 and 715. The caliph obtained 200 skilled workers from the Byzantine Emperor to decorate the building.
The following is a list of Muslim historians writing in the Islamic historiographical tradition, which developed from hadith literature in the time of the first caliphs. This list is focused on pre-modern historians who wrote before the heavy European influence that occurred from the 19th century onward.