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Incipit of the standard Gregorian chant setting of the Asperges, from the Liber Usualis.. Where the 1962 Latin Missal is used, the Asperges is done before the principal Mass on Sunday, except on Palm Sunday, when it is replaced with the blessing of palms followed by a procession; [1] it is also omitted when a Pontifical High Mass is celebrated on Sundays.
The Sunday liturgy may begin with the Rite of Blessing and Sprinkling Holy Water, in which holy water is sprinkled upon the congregation; this is called "aspersion" (from the Latin, aspergere, "to sprinkle"). This ceremony dates back to the 9th century. An "aspergill" or aspergillum is a brush or branch used to sprinkle the water.
Easter Water is the name given to water used in rituals during the Easter Vigil in the Catholic Church, Lutheran Churches, and Anglican Communion. A part of this water is set aside for use as a sacramental in the church and at home, the remainder being ceremonially mixed with consecrated oils and used for baptisms in the church.
An aspergillum is used in Roman Catholic, Lutheran and Anglican ceremonies, including the Rite of Baptism and during the Easter Season. [3] In addition, a priest will use the aspergillum to bless the candles during Candlemas services and the palms during Palm Sunday Mass. [4] At a requiem, if a coffin is present, the priest will sprinkle holy water on the coffin.
Holy Water, painting by Constantin Daniel Stahi (1882) showing the implements used in the blessing of holy water. From left to right: A priest's kamilavka and epitrachelion (stole), Euchologion, bowl of water, blessing cross, candle, aspergillum made of basil branches, incense (Muzeul Naţional de Artă, Bucharest).
The liturgy typically finishes at 3:00 or 4:00 a.m. There is no prescribed liturgy on Sunday morning, everything for the feast having been celebrated during the Vigil. On Sunday afternoon there is a special, Paschal Vespers, at which the Gospel (John 20:19–25) is chanted in many languages (called "Vespers of Love" in some traditions).
After Vespers and the Divine Liturgy, the Great Blessing of the Water takes place. The celebrant immerses the cross into the water three times and then blesses the people with the water. [14] It is customary in theses churches for the faithful to drink the water and to take it home for use throughout the year. [15]
[1] [2] It accompanies the Asperges, the ritual at the beginning of Mass where the celebrating priest sprinkles the congregation with baptismal water. It is sung from Easter Sunday throughout the liturgical season of Eastertide until the feast of Pentecost. [3] It replaces the simpler antiphon Asperges me, which is used outside Eastertide.