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A Hereford cow licks her newborn calf clean. A cow calf operation is a method of rearing beef cattle in which a permanent herd of cows is kept by a farmer or rancher to produce calves for later sale. Cow–calf operations are one of the key aspects of the beef industry in the United States and many other countries. [1]
In beef production there are three main stages: cow-calf operations, backgrounding, and feedlot operations. The production cycle of the animals starts at cow-calf operations; this operation is designed specifically to breed cows for their offspring. From here the calves are backgrounded for a feedlot.
These producers are called cow-calf operations and are essential for feedlot operations to run. [11] Once the young calves reach a weight between 300 and 700 pounds (140 and 320 kg) they are rounded up and either sold directly to feedlots, or sent to cattle auctions for feedlots to bid on them.
The term often implicitly reflects an intent to sell to other owners for fattening (finishing). Backgrounding occurs at backgrounding operations, and fattening occurs at a feedlot. [1] Feeder calves are less than 1 year old; feeder yearlings are between 1 and 2 years old. Both types are often produced in a cow-calf operation.
A fresh cow is a dairy term for a cow (or a first-calf heifer in few regions) who has recently given birth, or "freshened." The adjective applying to cattle in general is usually bovine. The terms bull, cow and calf are also used by extension to denote the sex or age of other large animals, including whales, hippopotamus, camels, elk and elephants.
In a cow–calf set, cow refers to the locomotive equipped with a cab, while calf refers to a unit without a cab. [3] A cow–calf set with two calves is known as a herd; the only examples of this were two TR3 series sets ordered by the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway. [1] [4] The cow, calf, and herd designations were nicknames. [4]
Cattle or cow/calf pairs: 1,000 or more: 300–999: Less than 300 Mature dairy cattle: 700 or more: 200–699: Less than 200 Swine (weighing over 55 lb) 2,500 or more: 750–2,499: Less than 750 Turkeys: 55,000 or more: 16,500–54,999: Less than 16,500 Laying hens or broilers (liquid manure handling systems) 30,000 or more: 9,000–29,999 ...
Hill continues to run a commercial cow-calf operation with about 450 head on the ranch. The cattle graze on natural grasslands in the mountains on the east side of Highway 1 during the winter, spring, and summer, until the pasture is no longer suitable.
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