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Substrate mapping (or wafer mapping) is a process in which the performance of semiconductor devices on a substrate is represented by a map showing the performance as a colour-coded grid. The map is a convenient representation of the variation in performance across the substrate, since the distribution of those variations may be a clue as to ...
In electronics, a wafer (also called a slice or substrate) [1] is a thin slice of semiconductor, such as a crystalline silicon (c-Si, silicium), used for the fabrication of integrated circuits and, in photovoltaics, to manufacture solar cells. The wafer serves as the substrate for microelectronic devices built in and upon
A diagram of the semiconductor oxide transistors made by Frosch and Derick in 1957 [24]. In 1955, Carl Frosch and Lincoln Derick, working at Bell Telephone Laboratories, accidentally grew a layer of silicon dioxide over the silicon wafer, for which they observed surface passivation effects.
Fan-out wafer-level packaging: Variation of WLCSP. Like a BGA package but with the interposer built directly atop the die and encapsulated alongside it. eWLB: Embedded wafer level ball grid array: Variation of WLCSP. MICRO SMD-Chip-size package (CSP) developed by National Semiconductor [21] COB: Chip on board: Bare die supplied without a package.
Typically, integrated circuits are produced in large batches on a single wafer of electronic-grade silicon (EGS) or other semiconductor (such as GaAs) through processes such as photolithography. The wafer is cut into many pieces, each containing one copy of the circuit. Each of these pieces is called a die.
Wafer fabrication is a procedure composed of many repeated sequential processes to produce complete electrical or photonic circuits on semiconductor wafers in a semiconductor device fabrication process. Examples include production of radio frequency amplifiers, LEDs, optical computer components, and microprocessors for computers. Wafer ...
Electronic components are built on two semiconductor wafers. One wafer is diced; the singulated dice are aligned and bonded onto die sites of the second wafer. As in the wafer-on-wafer method, thinning and TSV creation are performed either before or after bonding. Additional die may be added to the stacks before dicing. [22] Wafer-to-Wafer
A wafer-level package attached to a printed-circuit board. Wafer-level packaging (WLP) is a process in integrated circuit manufacturing where packaging components are attached to an integrated circuit (IC) before the wafer – on which the IC is fabricated – is diced. In WLP, the top and bottom layers of the packaging and the solder bumps are ...