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Between 250,000 and 400,000 Scots-Irish migrated to America in the 18th century. [14] The Scots-Irish soon became the dominant culture of the Appalachians from Pennsylvania to Georgia . Areas whose 20th-century censuses reported mostly " American " ancestry were the places in which historically, northern English, Scottish and Scots-Irish ...
In the first century of colonization, most settlers in the Thirteen Colonies (present-day United States) came from the southwest of England. However, in the 18th century, the origins of the settlers became more diverse, with many coming from the Celtic periphery and Germany (35% Irish, including Scots-Irish from Ulster, 12% Scots and 27% ...
During the 18th and most of the 19th centuries, the United States had limited regulation of immigration and naturalization at a national level. Under a mostly prevailing " open border " policy, immigration was generally welcomed, although citizenship was limited to “white persons” as of 1790, and naturalization subject to five year ...
Because of the immigration of Palatine refugees in the 18th century, the term "Palatine" became associated with German. "Until the American War of Independence 'Palatine' henceforth was used indiscriminately for all 'emigrants of German tongue'." [66] Many more Palatines from the Rhenish Palatinate emigrated in the course of the 19th century.
The Scotch-Irish immigrants to North America in the 18th century were initially defined in part by their Presbyterianism. [94] Many of the settlers in the Plantation of Ulster had been from dissenting and non-conformist religious groups which professed Calvinist thought.
By the mid-18th century, the values of the American Enlightenment became established and weakened the view that husbands were natural "rulers" over their wives. There was a new sense of shared marriage. [citation needed] Legally, husbands took control of wives' property when marrying. Divorce was almost impossible until the late 18th century. [137]
[19] [20] 400,000–450,000 of the 18th-century migrants were Scots, Scots-Irish from Ulster, Germans, Swiss, and French Huguenots. [21] Over half of all European immigrants to Colonial America during the 17th and 18th centuries arrived as indentured servants. [22] They numbered 350,000. [23]
It has been estimated that over 1.86 million Spaniards emigrated to South America in the period between 1492 and 1824, one million in the 18th century, with millions more continuing to immigrate following independence. [49] Between 1500 and 1700, 100,000 Portuguese crossed the Atlantic to settle in Brazil. However, with the discovery of ...