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Map symbols can thus be categorized by how they suggest this connection: [6] [7] Iconic symbols (also "image", "pictorial", or "replicative") have a similar appearance to the real-world feature, although it is often in a generalized manner; e.g. a tree icon to represent a forest, brown denoting desert, or green denoting vegetation.
Layout: The map image must be placed on the page (whether paper, web, or other media), along with related elements, such as the title, legend, additional maps, text, images, and so on. Each of these elements has its own design considerations, as does their integration, which largely follows the principles of Graphic design .
The term map composition is also used for the assembling of features and symbols within the map image itself, which can cause some confusion; these two processes share a few common design principles but are distinct procedures in practice. Similar principles of layout design apply to maps produced in a variety of media, from large format wall ...
A typical map, whether on paper or on a web page, consists of not only the map image, but also other elements that support the map: [8] A title tells the reader what the map is about, including the purpose or theme, and perhaps the region covered. A legend or key explains the meaning of the symbols on the map
Typography, as an aspect of cartographic design, is the craft of designing and placing text on a map in support of the map symbols, together representing geographic features and their properties. It is also often called map labeling or lettering, but typography is more in line with the general usage of typography.
This vector image was created with Inkscape. This file supersedes the file Guide to common map symbols.png. It is recommended to use this file rather than the other one.
A type of pictorial maps are maps that use anthropomorphic images. Anthropomorphic maps date back to when Sebastian Münster used a queen to depict Europe in 1570. [10] The map, The Man of Commerce, by Augustus F. McKay is the earliest anthropomorphic map known of in the United States, created in 1889. [10]
The text Hic Sunt Dracones on the Hunt–Lenox Globe, dating from 1504 "Here be dragons" (Latin: hic sunt dracones) means dangerous or unexplored territories, in imitation of a medieval practice of putting illustrations of dragons, sea monsters and other mythological creatures on uncharted areas of maps where potential dangers were thought to exist.