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This is a timeline of the development of prophylactic human vaccines. Early vaccines may be listed by the first year of development or testing, but later entries usually show the year the vaccine finished trials and became available on the market. Although vaccines exist for the diseases listed below, only smallpox has
In partial response to that epidemic, Congress passed the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA) on August 10, 1993, creating the VFC Program; the VFC program officially became operational October 1, 1994. [6] The Vaccines for Children program represented a major vaccine finance reform, working as a state-operated federal entitlement program ...
The modern anti-vaccination movement gained fuel from the alleged relationship between autism and the use of thiomersal in vaccines, in which a study was published by Andrew Wakefield in 1998 that showed that the Thimerosal in the routine children's MMR vaccine caused autism. The original study can be found at The Lancet. [64]
Elementary-age children have been eligible for vaccination since early November, when the CDC gave emergency use authorization to Pfizer's vaccine for kids 5 to 11.
The rapidly growing infection rate of COVID‑19 worldwide during 2020 stimulated international alliances and government efforts to urgently organize resources to make multiple vaccines on shortened timelines, [11] with four vaccine candidates entering human evaluation in March (see the table of clinical trials started in 2020, below). [2] [12]
Late Tuesday, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention gave the final OK for youngsters age 5 to 11 to get kid-size doses of the vaccine made by Pfizer and its partner BioNTech.
2005 – Development of human papillomavirus vaccine ; 2006 – Antigen-specific NK cell memory first reported by Ulrich von Andrian's group after discovery by Mahmoud Goodarzi; 2010 – The first autologous cell-based cancer vaccine, Provenge, is approved by the FDA for the treatment of metastatic, asymptomatic stage IV prostate cancer.
The study found that vaccines against the 14 most common pathogens saved 154 million lives globally over the past five decades, and that these vaccines cut infant mortality by 40%.