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Settlement geography is a branch of human geography that investigates the Earth's surface's part settled by humans. According to the United Nations' Vancouver Declaration on Human Settlements (1976), "human settlements means the totality of the human community – whether city, town or village – with all the social, material, organizational, spiritual and cultural elements that sustain it."
A dispersed settlement contrasts with a nucleated village. The French term bocage is sometimes used to describe the type of landscape found where dispersed settlements are common. In addition to Western Europe, dispersed patterns of settlement are found in parts of Papua New Guinea, as among the Gainj, Ankave, and Baining tribes. It is also ...
Town – a settlement or village that has grown into an urbanized area and historically features a central market or court, particularly as a regional market town. City – any consolidated urbanized area, historically often with a walled urban core, and in larger urban or metropolitan areas the downtown area.
In geography, statistics and archaeology, a settlement, locality or populated place is a community of people living in a particular place. The complexity of a settlement can range from a minuscule number of dwellings grouped together to the largest of cities with surrounding urbanized areas. Settlements include hamlets, villages, towns and ...
polyfocal settlement: two (or more) adjacent nucleated villages that have expanded and merged to form a cohesive overall community A sub-category of clustered settlement is a planned village or community , deliberately established by landowners or the stated and enforced planning policy of local authorities and central governments.
The population of such settlements ranges from a few hundred people to around five thousand. A village is distinguished from a town in that: A village should not have a regular agricultural market, although today such markets are uncommon even in settlements which clearly are towns. A village does not have a town hall nor a mayor.
Settlements have hexagonal market areas, and are most efficient in number and functions. The different layouts predicted by Christaller have K -values which show how much the sphere of influence of the central places takes in — the central place itself counts as 1 and each portion of a satellite counts as its portion:
A linear settlement is a (normally small to medium-sized) settlement or group of buildings that is formed in a long line. [1] Many of these settlements are formed along a transport route, such as a road, river, or canal. Others form due to physical restrictions, such as coastlines, mountains, hills or valleys.