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Bournville (/ ˈ b ɔːr n v ɪ l /) is an affluent model village on the southwest side of Birmingham, England, founded by the Quaker Cadbury family for employees at its Cadbury's factory, [2] and designed to be a "garden" (or "model") village [3] where the sale of alcohol was forbidden. [4]
George Cadbury was the son of John Cadbury, a tea and coffee dealer, and his wife Candia. [1]The Cadburys were members of the Society of Friends or Quakers.. He worked at a school for adults on Sundays with no pay, despite only going to the school himself till he was fifteen. [2]
William Lever's Port Sunlight had a village green and its houses espoused an idealised rural vernacular style. [7] Quaker industrialists, George Cadbury and Rowntrees built model villages by their factories. Cadbury built Bournville between 1898 and 1905 and a second phase from 1914 and New Earswick was built in 1902 for Rowntrees. [11]
Bournville is a brand of dark chocolate produced by Cadbury. It is named after the model village of the same name in Birmingham, England The first product bearing the Bournville name was Bournville Cocoa powder in 1906 then Bournville Chocolate in 1908. [1] It was first sold as a wrapped bar named Bournville Chocolate in 1908. [2]
Owing to George Cadbury's Quaker beliefs, he sought to provide decent quality homes in a healthy environment which could be afforded by Cadburys workers. The houses were designed by architect William Alexander Harvey. In 1900, Bournville Village Trust (BVT) was founded to administer and develop the village and its surroundings. [2]
Bournville (1895), near Birmingham, was established by the Cadbury brothers, George and Richard. George and Richard Cadbury chose to transfer the Cadbury factory to this new site to provide their employees with improved living conditions and a country environment that they could enjoy – a far cry from Birmingham's busy, smoky city centre.
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Houses at 10-12 Sycamore Road, Bournville, are typical. The village was a low rise development with a good provision of public and private open space. From 1900, development of the village became the responsibility of the Bournville Village Trust. Harvey remained in the Trust's employment until 1904 when he set up his own architectural practice.