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Bournville (/ ˈ b ɔːr n v ɪ l /) is an affluent model village on the southwest side of Birmingham, England, founded by the Quaker Cadbury family for employees at its Cadbury's factory, [2] and designed to be a "garden" (or "model") village [3] where the sale of alcohol was forbidden. [4]
William Lever's Port Sunlight had a village green and its houses espoused an idealised rural vernacular style. [7] Quaker industrialists, George Cadbury and Rowntrees built model villages by their factories. Cadbury built Bournville between 1898 and 1905 and a second phase from 1914 and New Earswick was built in 1902 for Rowntrees. [11]
George Cadbury was the son of John Cadbury, a tea and coffee dealer, and his wife Candia. [1]The Cadburys were members of the Society of Friends or Quakers.. He worked at a school for adults on Sundays with no pay, despite only going to the school himself till he was fifteen. [2]
Owing to George Cadbury's Quaker beliefs, he sought to provide decent quality homes in a healthy environment which could be afforded by Cadburys workers. The houses were designed by architect William Alexander Harvey. In 1900, Bournville Village Trust (BVT) was founded to administer and develop the village and its surroundings. [2]
Cadbury developed the business with his brother Benjamin, and later his sons Richard and George. George developed the Bournville estate, a model village designed to improve the living conditions of company employees. Dairy Milk chocolate, introduced in 1905, used a higher proportion of milk within the recipe compared with rival products.
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This page contains a list of model villages in the UK and Ireland. You might also want to look at Company town. This category is for full size villages, typically built for factory workers. For miniature villages, use Category:Miniature parks.