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  2. Exit pupil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exit_pupil

    The small exit pupil of a 25×30 telescope and large exit pupils of 9×63 binoculars suitable for use in low light. For a telescope, the diameter of the exit pupil can be calculated by dividing the focal length of the eyepiece by the focal ratio (f-number) of the telescope. In all but the cheapest telescopes, the eyepieces are interchangeable ...

  3. Eye relief - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eye_relief

    The eye relief of an optical instrument (such as a telescope, a microscope, or binoculars) is the distance from the last surface of an eyepiece within which the user's eye can obtain the full viewing angle. If a viewer's eye is outside this distance, a reduced field of view will be obtained.

  4. Catadioptric system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catadioptric_system

    The first of these was the Hamiltonian telescope patented by W. F. Hamilton in 1814. The Schupmann medial telescope designed by German optician Ludwig Schupmann near the end of the 19th century placed the catadioptric mirror beyond the focus of the refractor primary and added a third correcting/focusing lens to the system.

  5. List of telescope parts and construction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_telescope_parts...

    Primary lens: The objective of a refracting telescope. Primary mirror: The objective of a reflecting telescope. Corrector plate: A full aperture negative lens placed before a primary mirror designed to correct the optical aberrations of the mirror. Schmidt corrector plate: An aspheric-shaped corrector plate used in the Schmidt telescope.

  6. Telescopic sight - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telescopic_sight

    Eye relief – Eye relief is the distance from the rear eyepiece lens to the exit pupil or eye point. [15] It is the optimal distance the observer must position their eye behind the eyepiece to see a non-vignetted image. The longer the focal length of the eyepiece, the greater the eye relief.

  7. Optical telescope - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_telescope

    The telescope is more a discovery of optical craftsmen than an invention of a scientist. [1] [2] The lens and the properties of refracting and reflecting light had been known since antiquity, and theory on how they worked was developed by ancient Greek philosophers, preserved and expanded on in the medieval Islamic world, and had reached a significantly advanced state by the time of the ...

  8. Position angle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Position_angle

    An illustration of how position angle is estimated through a telescope eyepiece; the primary star is at center. In astronomy , position angle (usually abbreviated PA ) is the convention for measuring angles on the sky.

  9. Binoculars - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binoculars

    Independent focusing is an arrangement where the two telescope tubes are focused independently by adjusting each eyepiece. Binoculars designed for harsh environmental conditions and heavy field use, such as military or marine applications, traditionally have used independent focusing.