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Catharanthus roseus is an evergreen subshrub or herbaceous plant growing 1 m (39 in) tall. The leaves are oval to oblong, 2.5–9 cm (1.0–3.5 in) long and 1–3.5 cm (0.4–1.4 in) wide, glossy green, hairless, with a pale midrib and a short petiole 1–1.8 cm (0.4–0.7 in) long; they are arranged in opposite pairs.
Vinca (/ ˈ v ɪ ŋ k ə /; [2] Latin: vincire "to bind, fetter") is an Old World genus of flowering plants in the family Apocynaceae, The English name periwinkle is shared with the related genus Catharanthus (and with the mollusc Littorina littorea). Some Vinca species are cultivated but have also spread invasively.
Catharanthus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apocynaceae.Like the genus Vinca, they are known commonly as periwinkles. [3] There are eight known species. Seven are endemic to Madagascar, [4] though one, C. roseus, is widely naturalized around the world.
The Madagascan periwinkle Catharanthus roseus L. is the source for a number of important natural products, [1] including catharanthine and vindoline [2] and the vinca alkaloids it produces from them: leurosine and the chemotherapy agents vinblastine [3] and vincristine, [4] all of which can be obtained from the plant.
The C. roseus plant is a member of the Apocynaceae family, which are flowering plants that are found primarily in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. [3] C. roseus are poisonous but medically useful plants due to the various terpenoid indole alkaloids (TIAs) they produce in their leaves, roots, and flowers.
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